Ultrastructural lesions and immunohistochemical analysis of Bcl-2 protein expression in the kidney of chickens with experimental ochratoxicosis

Solcan, Carmen; Timofte, Dorina; Floriștean, V.; Carter, Stuart; Solcan, G.

doi:10.1556/avet.2013.021

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…OTA is strongly nephrotoxic (Stoev et al, 2010;Solcan et al, 2013), hepatotoxic, neurotoxic (Doi and Uetsuka, 2011), teratogenic and carcinogenic (Clark and Snedeker, 2006). According to the classification of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (1993), OTA belongs to Group 2B and has a strong immunosuppressive effect.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ochratoxin A on the intestinal mucosa and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in broiler chickens

Solcan

Pavel

Floriștean

et al. 2015

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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The immunotoxic effect of ochratoxin A (OTA) on the intestinal mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue and its cytotoxic action on the intestinal epithelium were studied in broiler chickens experimentally treated with the toxin. From the 7th day of life, 80 male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly divided into four groups of 20 birds each. The three experimental groups (E1-3) were treated with OTA for 28 days (E1: 50 µg/kg body weight [bw]/day; E2: 20 µg/kg bw/day; E3: 1 µg/kg bw/day) and the fourth group served as control. Histological examination of the intestinal mucosa and immunohistochemical staining for identification of CD4+, CD8+, TCR1 and TCR2 lymphocytes in the duodenum, jejunum and ileocaecal junction were performed, and CD4+/CD8+ and TCR1/TCR2 ratios were calculated. OTA toxicity resulted in decreased body weight gain, poorer feed conversion ratio, lower leukocyte and lymphocyte count, and altered intestinal mucosa architecture. After 14 days of exposure to OTA, immunohistochemistry showed a significant reduction of the lymphocyte population in the intestinal epithelium and the lamina propria. After 28 days of exposure, an increase in the CD4+ and CD8+ values in both the duodenum and jejunum of chickens in Groups E1 and E2 was observed, but the TCR1 and TCR2 lymphocyte counts showed a significant reduction. No significant changes were observed in Group E3. The results indicate that OTA induced a decrease in leukocyte and lymphocyte counts and was cytotoxic to the intestinal epithelium and the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, altering the intestinal barrier and increasing susceptibility to various associated diseases.

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confidence: 99%

Effect of ochratoxin A on the intestinal mucosa and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in broiler chickens

Solcan

Pavel

Floriștean

et al. 2015

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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“…Then, it is distributed to kidneys, liver, muscle, brain, and fat [29,30,78,79]. Kidneys are the primary target [80] in which using transmission electron microscopy focal tubular cell proliferation, multiple adenoma-like structures in layers of the renal papilla and in convoluted tubules were observed [81]. However, the presence of OTA has also been found in bone marrow, skin, adrenal medulla, and cortex or myocardium [82].…”

Section: Ochratoxin Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Aspects of Mycotoxins—A Serious Problem for Human Health

Janik

Niemcewicz

Ceremuga

et al. 2020

IJMS

118

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Mycotoxins are toxic fungal secondary metabolities formed by a variety of fungi (moulds) species. Hundreds of potentially toxic mycotoxins have been already identified and are considered a serious problem in agriculture, animal husbandry, and public health. A large number of food-related products and beverages are yearly contaminated by mycotoxins, resulting in economic welfare losses. Mycotoxin indoor environment contamination is a global problem especially in less technologically developed countries. There is an ongoing effort in prevention of mould growth in the field and decontamination of contaminated food and feed in order to protect human and animal health. It should be emphasized that the mycotoxins production by fungi (moulds) species is unavoidable and that they are more toxic than pesticides. Human and animals are exposed to mycotoxin via food, inhalation, or contact which can result in many building-related illnesses including kidney and neurological diseases and cancer. In this review, we described in detail the molecular aspects of main representatives of mycotoxins, which are serious problems for global health, such as aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol, patulin, and zearalenone.

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“…As OTA has showed carcinogenic effects, it has been classified as Group 2B human carcinogen (Ostry et al, 2017). Besides its carcinogenic and nephrotoxic effects, hepatotoxic, teratogenic, neurotoxic, genotoxic, and immunotoxic effects have also been described in animals (Marin-Kuan et al, 2006;Solcan et al, 2013;10.3389/fmicb.2023.1085818 Frontiers in Microbiology 03 frontiersin.org Vlachou et al, 2022). CIT often found together with OTA and can be analyzed together.…”

Section: Mycotoxin Exposure and General Introduction Of Nephrotoxic M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

New perspectives in application of kidney biomarkers in mycotoxin induced nephrotoxicity, with a particular focus on domestic pigs

et al. 2023

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The gradual spread of Aspergilli worldwide is adding to the global shortage of food and is affecting its safe consumption. Aspergillus-derived mycotoxins, including aflatoxins and ochratoxin A, and fumonisins (members of the fusariotoxin group) can cause pathological damage to vital organs, including the kidney or liver. Although the kidney functions as the major excretory system in mammals, monitoring and screening for mycotoxin induced nephrotoxicity is only now a developmental area in the field of livestock feed toxicology. Currently the assessment of individual exposure to mycotoxins in man and animals is usually based on the analysis of toxin and/or metabolite contamination in the blood or urine. However, this requires selective and sensitive analytical methods (e.g., HPLC-MS/MS), which are time consuming and expensive. The toxicokinetic of mycotoxin metabolites is becoming better understood. Several kidney biomarkers are used successfully in drug development, however cost-efficient, and reliable kidney biomarkers are urgently needed for monitoring farm animals for early signs of kidney disease. β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) are the dominant biomarkers employed routinely in environmental toxicology research, while kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) are also emerging as effective markers to identify mycotoxin induced nephropathy. Pigs are exposed to mycotoxins due to their cereal-based diet and are particularly susceptible to Aspergillus mycotoxins. In addition to commonly used diagnostic markers for nephrotoxicity including plasma creatinine, NAG, KIM-1 and NGAL can be used in pigs. In this review, the currently available techniques are summarized, which are used for screening mycotoxin induced nephrotoxicity in farm animals. Possible approaches are considered, which could be used to detect mycotoxin induced nephropathy.

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Ultrastructural lesions and immunohistochemical analysis of Bcl-2 protein expression in the kidney of chickens with experimental ochratoxicosis

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of ochratoxin A on the intestinal mucosa and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in broiler chickens

Effect of ochratoxin A on the intestinal mucosa and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in broiler chickens

Molecular Aspects of Mycotoxins—A Serious Problem for Human Health

New perspectives in application of kidney biomarkers in mycotoxin induced nephrotoxicity, with a particular focus on domestic pigs

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