Ultrastructural features on the oral cavity floor (tongue, sublingual caruncle) of the Egyptian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): gross, histology and scanning electron microscope

Abstract

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Morphological features of the Egyptian Ossimi sheep tongue: New scanning electron microscopic insights into its papillary system adaptations to Egyptian ecological conditions

“…Our study was designed to illustrate the gross anatomical, mor- The current gross study observed that the Egyptian Ossimi sheep's tongue has three parts (apex, body and root) or may be divided into two parts according to its mobility: the rostral motile and the caudal non-motile part. Previous research on ruminant species has found similar results (Emura et al, 2000;Farrag et al, 2021;Mahdy et al, 2021). Our study agrees with El-Bakary and Abumandour (2017) that the ventral surface of the apex is categorized into two areas according to the presence of the papillae: the small rostral papillary area on the tip and the caudal large non-papillary area.…”

“…Moreover, our gross description of a large round lingual prominence, torus linguae and fossa linguae are comparable to other ruminant species, including the goat (Mahdy et al, 2021), the deer (Zheng & Kobayashi, 2006), the alpaca (Gozdziewska-Harłajczuk et al, 2015) and the cattle and buffalo (Ding et al, 2016;Farrag et al, 2021).…”

“…Identical to our observations, the filiform papillae of some ruminant species mainly coat the rostral motile lingual part only, such as the sheep (Erdoğan & Sağsöz, 2018), Saanen goat (Kurtul & Atalgin, 2008), Sitatunga (Emura et al, 2011) and barking deer (Adnyane et al, 2011). Our study is identical to some ruminant species in that there are secondary accessory processes originating from the papillary base, but our study excepts one type that does not carry accessory processes, named the triangular filiform papillae on the two lateral portions The filiform papillary subtypes are the most common lingual structures that are modified to accommodate distinct feeding mechanisms (Farrag et al, 2021;Mahdy et al, 2021). The filiform papillae subtypes have been previously described in different animals but to varying degrees according to the different feeding habits and mechanisms, nature of available food particles, geographical distribution and the habituated ecological conditions (Abumandour et al, 2022).…”

“…Furthermore, Erdoğan and Sağsöz (2018) According to the formerly published data, there are three classifications of the fungiform papillae depending on their function, distribution and shape. The areas sorted depending on their function into gustatory as in our study and most animal species (Erdogan, Perez, 2013;Erdoğan & Sağsöz, 2018;Farrag et al, 2021;Mahdy et al, 2021), mechanical papillae without taste pores or buds are described in the Saanen goat and donkey (Kurtul & Atalgin, 2008), the fantastic description is the mixed fungiform papillae in which some papillae have taste pores and other without taste pores as in the horse and cattle (Chamorro et al, 1986). The famous classification is dependent on the papillary shape, in which our study reveals two papillary subtypes (round and ovoid), similar to those described in other small ruminants such as the goat and sheep (Emura et al, 2000;Erdoğan & Sağsöz, 2018) while only one subtype has been described in most mammalian species but in various shapes;…”

“…Egyptian water buffaloes have 10-12 (Farrag et al, 2021), the yak have 11-14, and the cattle have 11-16 (Shao et al, 2010), the cattleyak have 14 (Ding et al, 2016), the chital deer have 11-14 (Erdogan & perez, 2013a), and the barking deer have 10-13 (Adnyane et al, 2011). Meanwhile, there is a reduced number of circumvallate papillae in non-ruminant herbivorous animals that are mostly observed on the dorsal lingual surface of the root, in which there is only one median located circumvallate papillae in the Nile grass rat (Massoud & Abumandour, 2019), but two laterally situated circumvallate papillae in the rabbit (Abumandour & El-Bakary, 2013), while three circumvallate papillae are observed in the Egyptian fruit bat and Egyptian long-eared hedgehog (Kandyel et al, 2021;Massoud & Abumandour, 2019).…”