Ultrastructural Features of Wood Decay

Zabel, Robert A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-775210-5.50013-2

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Les dégâts causés par ces champignons s'élèvent à des milliards de dollars chaque année (Zabel & Morrell, 1992). Les champignons de pourriture brune causent les dégra-dations les plus considérables dans le bois en service.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Composition chimique et activité antifongique des huiles essentielles deThymus algeriensisBoiss. & Reut. etThymus ciliatus(Desf.) Benth. contre les champignons de pourriture du bois

Ajjouri

Ghanmi

Satrani

et al. 2010

Acta Botanica Gallica

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Résumé.-Ce travail porte sur l'étude de l'activité antifongique des huiles essentielles de deux plantes aromatiques et médicinales de la flore marocaine vis-à-vis de quatre champignons lignivores. Les huiles essentielles obtenues par hydrodistillation des parties aériennes de Thymus algeriensis Boiss. & Reut. et Thymus ciliatus (Desf.) Benth. ont été analysées par CG and CG-SM. Les résul-tats montrent que le camphre (27,7%) et l'α-pinène (20,5%) sont les constituants majeurs de l'huile essentielle de T. algeriensis et que celle de T. ciliatus contient principalement le thymol (44,2%), le β-ocimène (25,8%) et l'α-terpinè-ne (12,3%). Les tests de bioactivité vis-à-vis de quatre champignons de pouriture du bois (Gloeophyllum trabeum, Poria placenta, Coniophora puteana et Coriolus versicolor) ont montré que l'essence de T. ciliatus présente une forte activité. Mots clés : Thymus algeriensis -Thymus ciliatus -huiles essentielles -activité antifongique -champignons de pourriture du bois.Abstract.-This work deals with the antifungal activity of two medicinal and aromatic plants essential oils of the Moroccan flora against four wood-decaying fungi. The essential oils obtained from Thymus algeriensis Boiss. & Reut. and Thymus ciliatus (Desf.) Benth. aerial parts by hydrodistillation were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The result demonstrated that the major components of T. algeriensis essential oil are campher (27.7%) and α-pinene (20.5%), while were the essential oil of T. ciliatus contains mainly thymol (44.2%), β-ocymene (25.8%) and α-terpinene (12.3%). Bioactivity tests against for fungi decaying wood (Gloeophyllum trabeum, Poria placenta, Coniophora puteana and Coriolus versicolor) demonstrate that the oil of T. ciliatus showed a strong antifungal activity against all fungi tested.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Composition chimique et activité antifongique des huiles essentielles deThymus algeriensisBoiss. & Reut. etThymus ciliatus(Desf.) Benth. contre les champignons de pourriture du bois

Ajjouri

Ghanmi

Satrani

et al. 2010

Acta Botanica Gallica

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“…The decay class is a classification system for identifying and categorizing decay states and is correlated with the decrease in wood density as the decomposition process progresses (Harmon et al 1986;Harmon et al 2008;Larjavaara and Muller-Landau 2010). The tree species determines the differences in initial wood density, wood tissue structure, and chemical composition (Zabel and Morrell 1992). Indeed, Yatskov et al (2003) reported that decay class, tree species, and their interaction explain 81.2% (68.0%, 6.1%, and 7.1%, respectively) of the variation in changes in deadwood density in Russian boreal forests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood density and carbon and nitrogen concentrations in deadwood ofChamaecyparis obtusaandCryptomeria japonica

Sakai

Ugawa

Ishizuka

et al. 2012

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Estimating carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks in deadwood in forests nationwide is required for understanding large-scale C and N cycling. To do so requires estimated values of wood density and C and N concentrations. Additionally, parameters that show variation should be examined. In this study, we clarified the estimated values and the variation in three parameters in each decay class of each of two tree species and examined whether dead log diameter and region contribute to variation in the parameters. Data were collected from 73 Chamaecyparis obtusa (Sieb. et Zucc.) Endl. plantations and 66 Cryptomeria japonica D. Don plantations throughout Japan. Wood densities decreased from 386 to 188 kg m À3 for C. obtusa and from 334 to 188 kg m À3 for C. japonica in decay classes 1-4. The variation in wood density increased with decay class, and the coefficient of variance increased from 13.9% to 46.4% for C. obtusa and from 15.2% to 48.1% for C. japonica. The N concentrations increased from 1.04 to 4.40 g kg À1 for C. obtusa and from 1.11 to 2.97 g kg À1for C. japonica in decay classes 1-4. The variation in N concentration increased with decay class, and the coefficient of variance increased from 51.9% to 76.7% for C. obtusa and from 50.3% to 70.4% for C. japonica. Log diameter and region contributed to variations in wood density and N concentration in decay classes 1 and 2 for C. obtusa and C. japonica. However, no relationship was observed between regional climates and the two parameters. In contrast, C concentrations ranged from 507 to 535 g kg À1 and were stable with much lower coefficients of variance throughout the decay classes for both tree species. Thus, we recommend that the same C concentration can be adapted for all decay classes of both tree species.

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“…From the above results, the fungal discoloration must be controlled in the produced WPCs panels, which can be controlled and prevented by rapid kiln drying or by treating of wood surface chemicals as was stated from the literature (Zabel and Morrell 1992;Verhey and Laks 2002;Morton et al 2003;Simonsen et al 2004;Xu et al 2015). Therefore, our results observed that the using of durable wood species like J. procera in the production of WPCs had good effects on the prevention of the mold infestation over the surfaces of the produced panels.…”

Section: After 2 Monthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Mold Invasion on the Surface of Wood/Polypropylene Composites Produced from Aqueous Pretreated Wood Particles, Part 2: Juniperus procera Wood-Branch

et al. 2017

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Mold invasion by Trichoderma harzianum T6776 over the surface of wood-plastic composites (WPCs) made from Juniperus procera woodbranch and polypropylene with a melt-blending technique was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Before the addition of coupling agent, the WPC samples were made from untreated and pretreated wood-branch particles of J. procera with either cold or hot water and then mixed with polypropylene to produce panels. The surfaces of WPC samples were inoculated by a mold suspension of T. harzianum. SEM-EDX measurements of WPCs made from J. procera particles showed little or no growth of T. harzianum, irrespective of treatment with cold or hot water. The results suggest that WPCs made from the particles of J. procera wood-branch pretreated with either cold or hot water could be useable in wet conditions. In addition, using of J. procera as durable wood for manufacturing of WPCs had good effects on the prevention of the mold infestation over the surfaces of the produced panels.

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Ultrastructural Features of Wood Decay

Cited by 23 publications

References 56 publications

Composition chimique et activité antifongique des huiles essentielles deThymus algeriensisBoiss. & Reut. etThymus ciliatus(Desf.) Benth. contre les champignons de pourriture du bois

Composition chimique et activité antifongique des huiles essentielles deThymus algeriensisBoiss. & Reut. etThymus ciliatus(Desf.) Benth. contre les champignons de pourriture du bois

Wood density and carbon and nitrogen concentrations in deadwood ofChamaecyparis obtusaandCryptomeria japonica

Study of Mold Invasion on the Surface of Wood/Polypropylene Composites Produced from Aqueous Pretreated Wood Particles, Part 2: Juniperus procera Wood-Branch

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