Ultrastructural characteristics of the contact zones between langerhans cells and lymphocytes

Concha, Miguel; Figueroa, Carlos D.; Caorsi, I

doi:10.1002/path.1711560108

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Later, they were found in DCs [51, 52, 90] and follicular DCs [91–93]. On the other hand, the study of HCs in the immune system started several years ago.…”

Section: Expression Of Cxs In Antigen-presenting Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Hemichannels and Gap Junction Channels by Cytokines in Antigen-Presenting Cells

Saéz

Shoji

Aguirre

et al. 2014

Mediators of Inflammation

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Autocrine and paracrine signals coordinate responses of several cell types of the immune system that provide efficient protection against different challenges. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) coordinate activation of this system via homocellular and heterocellular interactions. Cytokines constitute chemical intercellular signals among immune cells and might promote pro- or anti-inflammatory effects. During the last two decades, two membrane pathways for intercellular communication have been demonstrated in cells of the immune system. They are called hemichannels (HCs) and gap junction channels (GJCs) and provide new insights into the mechanisms of the orchestrated response of immune cells. GJCs and HCs are permeable to ions and small molecules, including signaling molecules. The direct intercellular transfer between contacting cells can be mediated by GJCs, whereas the release to or uptake from the extracellular milieu can be mediated by HCs. GJCs and HCs can be constituted by two protein families: connexins (Cxs) or pannexins (Panxs), which are present in almost all APCs, being Cx43 and Panx1 the most ubiquitous members of each protein family. In this review, we focus on the effects of different cytokines on the intercellular communication mediated by HCs and GJCs in APCs and their impact on purinergic signaling.

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“…Later, they were found in DCs [51, 52, 90] and follicular DCs [91–93]. On the other hand, the study of HCs in the immune system started several years ago.…”

Section: Expression Of Cxs In Antigen-presenting Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Hemichannels and Gap Junction Channels by Cytokines in Antigen-Presenting Cells

Saéz

Shoji

Aguirre

et al. 2014

Mediators of Inflammation

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“…Among T cell-priming DCs, Cx43 expression by a specialized subset of DCs in the human epidermis (Langerhans cells) and DCs in the human appendix have been recently reported (20). In addition, gap junction-like structures between human Langerhans cells and T cells have been observed ultrastructurally in vitro and in vivo (22)(23)(24). However, GJIC between DCs has not yet been demonstrated.…”

Section: Endritic Cells (Dc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gap Junction-Mediated Intercellular Communication between Dendritic Cells (DCs) Is Required for Effective Activation of DCs

Matsue

Yao

Matsue³

et al. 2006

The Journal of Immunology

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Gap junctions, formed by members of the connexin (Cx) family, are intercellular channels allowing direct exchange of signaling molecules. Gap junction-mediated intercellular communication (GJIC) is a widespread mechanism for homeostasis in organs. GJIC in the immune system is not yet fully understood. Although dendritic cells (DC) reportedly form cell-to-cell contact between DCs in nonlymphoid and lymphoid organs, GJIC between DCs remains unknown. In this study we examined whether DCs form GJIC. XS52 and bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) were tested for GJIC by counting intercellular transfer of Lucifer Yellow microinjected into a cell. Either DC became effectively dye-coupled when activated with LPS plus IFN-γ or TNF-α plus IFN-γ. LPS- plus IFN-γ-induced dye-coupling was mediated by DC-derived TNF-α. In addition, CpG plus IFN-γ induced dye-coupling in BMDCs, which was also mediated by DC-derived TNF-α. LPS- plus IFN-γ-induced activation of DCs (assessed by CD40 expression) was observed when there was cell-to-cell contact and was significantly blocked by heptanol, a gap junction blocker. These results indicate that cell-to-cell contact and GJIC are required for effective DC activation. In addition, heptanol significantly inhibited the LPS- plus IFN-γ-induced up-regulation of the other costimulatory (i.e., CD80 and CD86) and MHC class II molecules expressed by BMDCs, and it significantly reduced their allostimulatory capacity. Among Cx members, Cx43 was up-regulated in dye-coupled BMDCs, and Cx mimetic peptide, a blocker of Cx-mediated GJIC, significantly inhibited the dye-coupling and activation, suggesting the involvement of Cx43. Thus, our study provides the first evidence for GJIC between DCs, which is required for effective DC activation.

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“…Most of them, even though they might be intimate-for example, the association of plasma cells with fibroblasts in the intralobular stroma of breast [8]-are simple associations without a structurally identifiable cell surface differentiation [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. However, some bridges between apposed cell membranes have been observed [17][18][19], emphasizing a true contact. Some cell-to-cell junctions in hemolymphoid cells have a more conspicuously identiable structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Structure Resembing Basal/External Lamina on the Surface of Plasma Cells, and a Discussion on Intercellular Contacts Between Hemolymphoid Cells

Eyden¹

2009

Ultrastructural Pathology

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Basal/external lamina is not found over plasma cells or other hemolymphoid cells, and the feature can have diagnostic value in distinguishing the neoplastic counterparts of such cells from epithelium, endothelium, mesothelium, and so on, which do have this feature. In this paper, a material ultrastructurally indistinguishable from basal or external lamina is reported on reactive plasma cells found in a fibrous pseudotumor, intralobular stroma of normal breast, tumor stroma of squamous cell carcinoma, and submucosa of normal human small intestine. It was focal, followed the contours of the cell-surface membrane, was lightly textured, 40-80 nm thick, and separated from the plasma cell surface membrane by a clear space resembling a lamina lucida. Its function remains uncertain, although it may implement adhesion to other cells, as part of the immune functions that plasma cells and other hemolymphoid cells perform in the gut, for example, and elsewhere.

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Ultrastructural characteristics of the contact zones between langerhans cells and lymphocytes

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Regulation of Hemichannels and Gap Junction Channels by Cytokines in Antigen-Presenting Cells

Regulation of Hemichannels and Gap Junction Channels by Cytokines in Antigen-Presenting Cells

Gap Junction-Mediated Intercellular Communication between Dendritic Cells (DCs) Is Required for Effective Activation of DCs

A Structure Resembing Basal/External Lamina on the Surface of Plasma Cells, and a Discussion on Intercellular Contacts Between Hemolymphoid Cells

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