Ultrastructural Changes of Ovaries in Rabbits Following Cadmium Administration

Massányi, Péter; Uhrín, V.; Toman, R.; Pivko, J.; Lukáč, Norbert; Forgács, Zsolt; Somosy, Z.; Fabiś, M.; Danko, Ján

doi:10.2754/avb200574010029

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Sensitive plant species are affected, large forest areas are destroyed and toxic substances enter the food chain (Yaaqub et al 1991;Gnamus et al 1995;. Even an insignificant concentration of these substances can, in the long run, endanger the health of the flora and fauna (Yaaqub et al 1991;Massanyi et al 2000ab;Beiglblock et al 2002;Hell et al 2005;Massanyi et al 2005). Some wild animal species, especially predators representing the last component of the food chain, can be seen as bioindicators of environmental contamination by inorganic and organic pollutants (Gufler et al 1997;Dietz et al 2000;Hoekstra et al 2003;MacDonald et al 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals in Brown Bears from the Central European Carpathians

Čelechovská

Literák

Ondruš³

et al. 2006

Acta Vet. Brno

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The aim of the present study was to assess heavy metal load in the brown bear (Ursus arctos) living in the central European Carpathians. Between 2002 and 2004, fifteen bears were examined to evaluate the distribution of cadmium, lead, mercury and copper in the animals' muscles (diaphragm), spleen, liver and kidney. The highest content of cadmium, lead and mercury was found in the kidney (17.4 ± 5.2 mg·kg -1 , 1.16 ± 0.39 mg·kg -1 , 0.39 ± 0.25 mg·kg -1 ), whereas the lowest content of the metals was observed in the muscles (0.017 ± 0.009 mg·kg -1 , 0.299 ± 0.308 mg·kg -1 , 0.013 ± 0.011 mg·kg -1 ). Second highest concentration of cadmium, lead and mercury was detected in the liver (0.83 ± 0.24 mg·kg -1 , 0.99 ± 0.61mg·kg -1 , 0.11 ± 0.05 mg·kg -1 ). Copper distributions and concentrations in bear tissues were as follows (in descending order): liver (23.9 ± 6.7 mg·kg -1 ), > kidneys (9.0 ± 3.3 mg·kg -1 ), > muscles (1.9 ± 1.6 mg·kg -1 ) and > spleen (1.0 ± 0.2 mg·kg -1 ). As compared with heavy metal load observed in bear tissues between 1988 and 1990, the concentration of cadmium in the muscles and liver was significantly lower (p < 0.01). On the contrary, mercury values were significantly higher in the liver (p < 0.05), kidney and muscle (p < 0.01). Lead and copper tissue concentrations did not change substantially.

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confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals in Brown Bears from the Central European Carpathians

Čelechovská

Literák

Ondruš³

et al. 2006

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…Cadmium chloride used in photography, photocopying, dyeing, calico printing, vacuum tube manufacture pigment production, galvanoplasty, lubricants, ice-nucleation agents and manufacture of special mirrors [2] may easily enter the environment. Long-term ingestion of large amounts of cadmium has been observed in Japan [3]. The exceptionally long half-life of cadmium in the human body, about 30 years [4], emphasizes the need for the effective assessment and treatment of cadmium toxicity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Herbal Preparation on Heavy Metal (Cadmium) Induced Antioxidant System in Female Wistar Rats

Roopha¹,

Padmalatha²

2011

J. Med. Toxicol.

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Cadmium is one of the elements found to damage antioxidant systems in mammals. To ameliorate cadmium toxicity and to prevent oxidative stress, natural products may be useful. In Indian ethnobotanical practice, a mixture of 17 herbal products is used to fortify the reproductive system of women after parturition and to reverse ovarian oxidative stress. Oral administration of this extract to rats exposed to cadmium was useful in reversing oxidative stress. Two different doses of cadmium (50 ppm and 200 ppm) were given to Wistar rats aged 45 and 65 days. An herbal extract derived from 17 plants was administered orally every day at a dose level of 200 mg/kg of body weight to the rats exposed to cadmium. A battery of enzymes involved in antioxidant activity in the ovary, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) were measured in the control, cadmium-exposed rats without treatment and in the cadmium-exposed rats treated with herbal extract. The reduction in SOD, catalase, GPx and GST activity after cadmium exposure improved significantly in the rats treated with the herbal extract (p<0.05). The decrease of antioxidant enzymes due to cadmium exposure was reversed significantly with herbal extract administration. The synergistic effect of each bioactive compound in different herbal extracts requires further study.

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“…Element toxicity to biological systems of animals is affected by the route and form of ingestion as well as by the interaction between essential and toxic elements. The amount of an element that accumulates in the organs depends on the interval of exposure, the quantity ingested and the production, as well as the animal's age and species (Massányi et al 2005;Koréneková et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time monitoring of cadmium toxicity in rabbit kidney cells

et al. 2015

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The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effect of the metal salt cadmium chloride dihydrate on the rabbit kidney cell line using the xCELLigence system or real-time cell analyser (RTCA), and to compare this relatively new method with standard biological cytotoxicity assays. This system provides real-time monitoring of cell behaviour and proliferative activity during the whole time of experiment. Moreover, after 24 h exposure of cells to cadmium, colorimetric 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-difenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was used to measure the metabolic activity and cytotoxicity was determined by measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leaked from damaged cells. We found that renal cells exposed to lower concentrations (5-10 mg·l -1 ) of cadmium tend to grow similarly to control cells, however, cell index was significantly different (P < 0.05) after 24 h. With increasing concentration of cadmium (15-50 mg·l -1 ) significantly lower proliferative (P < 0.05) and metabolic activity (P < 0.05) of cells was observed and cytotoxicity increased simultaneously (P < 0.001). In addition, we found that the real-time monitoring of the cell response was significantly correlated with commonly used biological methods for toxicity measurement, for MTT assay R 2 was 0.9448 (P < 0.01) and for LDH assay R 2 was 0.9466 (P < 0.01), respectively. The present study is the first report when combination of RTCA, MTT assay and LDH test was used for cadmium nephrotoxicity assessment. In all these methods, the toxic effect of cadmium on rabbit kidney cells increased in a concentration-dependent manner. xCELLigence system, nephrotoxicity, cytotoxicity, lactate dehydrogenaseIncreased industrial activities brought gradual redistribution of a number of toxic elements from the terrestrial crust into the environment and thus increased the potential exposure of humans and animals. With rising environmental pollution the interest arises in the consequences of the action of xenobiotics, including hazardous chemical elements, on live organisms (Nováková et al. 2007;Čelechovská et al. 2008). A series of trials were designed to evaluate the responses of tissues and organs of animal species of economic importance, such as the rabbit, to trace elements (cadmium, lead, mercury) at concentrations that could potentially exist in the feeds on a farm. The daily rations included carrots, potatoes, or beetroot. Cadmium belongs to heavy metals widely distributed in the environment, obtained as a by-product of refining. Its compounds are used in the electroplating of metals, alkaline batteries or in compounds with other metals. Relatively high quantities of cadmium are present in phosphate fertilisers (from some locations), which increase the concentration of cadmium in soil and plants. Cadmium is also highly toxic to organisms living in the aqueous environment (Koréneková et al. 2002). Because of its ability to reabsorb and accumulate divalent metals, kidney is the first target organ of heavy metal toxicity. The extent of renal da...

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Ultrastructural Changes of Ovaries in Rabbits Following Cadmium Administration

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

Heavy Metals in Brown Bears from the Central European Carpathians

Heavy Metals in Brown Bears from the Central European Carpathians

Effect of Herbal Preparation on Heavy Metal (Cadmium) Induced Antioxidant System in Female Wistar Rats

Real-time monitoring of cadmium toxicity in rabbit kidney cells

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