Ultrastructural Changes in the Adenohypophysis of Pregnant and Lactating Rabbits

Young, Brian; Foster, C. L.; Cameron, E. C.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0390437

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Suggested cellular lineages of FS cells have included macrophage and glial cell lineages, but the actual lineage remains a matter of controversy (Coates and Doniach 1988;Young et al 1967;Kagayama 1965;Couly and Le Douarin 1985;VilaPorcile and Oliver 1984). In order to further elucidate the relationship between Ptx1 and individual hormones by localizing Ptx1 in the adult rat pituitary gland, we performed immunohistochemical analyses of Ptx1 and compared its localization with those of the anterior hormone-secreting cells and FS cells by double staining.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Ptx1 in the adult rat pituitary glands and pituitary cell lines: hormone-secreting cells and folliculo-stellate cells

et al. 1999

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The pituitary homeobox1 gene (Ptx1) was initially identified as encoding a pituitary-restricted transcription factor for the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene. In order to elucidate the expression pattern of the Ptx1 protein, we investigated the localization of the protein in adult rat pituitary gland and in various pituitary cell lines. We produced an antibody specific for Ptxl protein, and confirmed its specificity by Western blot analysis. Immunohistochemically, many nuclei in the anterior pituitary cells as well as in the intermediate cells were positive for Ptxl staining with this specific antibody. Immunohistochemical double staining revealed the presence of Ptx1 not only in all types of hormone-secreting cells but also in some folliculo-stellate (FS) cells. Furthermore, the expression of Ptx1 mRNA was confirmed in various pituitary cell lines and in the FS cell line by using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Our studies indicated that Ptxl may not only play a role as a basic transcriptional factor for production of various hormones, but may also play some important role(s) in FS cells. Possible synergistic actions with other factors remain to be investigated. The novel finding of Ptx1 in FS cells is of particular interest, and may suggest that FS cells and hormone-secreting cells are derived from a common cellular ancestor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Ptx1 in the adult rat pituitary glands and pituitary cell lines: hormone-secreting cells and folliculo-stellate cells

et al. 1999

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confidence: 99%

“…Biochemical and light and electron microscopic studies have shown that the changes are mostly due to the hyperplasia of prolactin cells (Young et al, 1967;Shiino et al, 1972;Merchant, 1974;Charlton and Worth, 1975;Hausler et al, 1978). Several authors have reported a close correspondence between the ultrastructural aspects of mammotropes and the stages of prolactin secretion (Hymer, 1961;Young et al, 1967;Shiino et al, 1972;Merchant-Larios and Mena, 1982). On the other hand little is known about the quantitative changes of the other anterior pituitary cell types, while definite variations of their hormone secretion are known to occur during lactation (Voogt et al, 1969;Amenomori et al, 1970;Sinha et al, 1974a,b;Smith, 1978;Taya and Greenwald, 1982).…”

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confidence: 99%

An ultrastructural morphometric analysis of the adenohypophysis of lactating rats

et al. 1985

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A morphometric analysis of the adenohypophysis (pars distalis) of lactating rats was carried out by a semi-automated method at the ultrastructural level. The cellular elements were identified by their ultrastructural morphology. The following values were considered for the morphometric study: numerical density of cells/mm3 of tissue and the percentage of parenchymal volume occupied by every cell type. Mammotropes (PRL cells) numbered 624 X 10(3)/mm3 and occupied 59.9% of the parenchymal volume (p.v.). Somatotropes (GH cells) numbered 206 X 10(3)/mm3 and occupied 15.0% of the p.v. Folliculo-stellate cells (FS cells) numbered 128 X 10(3)/mm3 and occupied 8.1% of the p.v. Gonadotropes (GN cells) numbered 47 X 10(3)/mm3 and occupied 6.0% of the p.v. Adrenocorticotropes (ACTH cells) numbered 45 X 10(3)/mm3 and occupied 3.8% of the p.v. Thyrotropes (TSH cells) numbered 36 X 10(3)/mm3 and occupied 3.4% of the p.v. PRL cells were characterized by aspects compatible with intense hormone production. GH cells did not show differences with those of nonlactating animals. Folliculo-stellate elements appeared hypertrophic with abundant cytoplasm, enlarged Golgi complex, and dilation of the follicular lumina. GN cells had abundant cytoplasm with a well-developed and dilated ergastoplasm, particularly in type II GN cells. ACTH cells did not show differences with those of nonlactating animals. TSH cells showed moderate nucleocytoplasmic activation. These fine structural morphometric findings are discussed in relation to other studies regarding nonlactating adenohypophysis and hormone changes during lactation.

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“…The peri¬ nuclear microfibrils seen in some granular cells in long-term cultures may have some association with disappearing ergastoplasm. Young, Foster & Cameron (1967) have pointed out that sedentary protein synthesized by free ribosomes may take the form of microfibrils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and Ultrastructural Changes in the Pars Distalis of the Rabbit Pituitary in Organ Culture

Pathak¹,

Fisk²

1974

Journal of Endocrinology

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Typical histological and ultrastructural changes that occur in the pars distalis of the rabbit pituitary after different periods of organ culture are described. The best technique for the maintenance of the maximum proportion of the explant was assessed by comparing cultures grown under different conditions. Explants in air with a medium buffered with N-2\x=req-\ hydroxyethylpiperazine-N1-2-ethanesulphonic acid (HEPES), not previously used in organ culture, proved more satisfactory than explants in carbogen with bicarbonate-buffered 199, and cultures were maintained for more than 3 weeks.The survival of cells was assessed on the basis of their cytological integrity; DNA-and RNA-fluorescence with acridine orange was a valuable indicator.Prolactin cells, which were few in uncultured controls, became the most common type of granular cell in long-term cultures.Cell modifications during culture included the development of a peripheral epithelioid layer and the appearance of numerous microvilli. Microfibrils, coated or smooth vesicles, lytic bodies, desmosomes and intranuclear rods became more common and intranuclear rodlets (fibrous or membranous structures) were identified. Cells often became more electron dense during long-term culture.Though there was an increase in the number of agranular cells during culture, identifiable granules were retained by many cells throughout culture.

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Ultrastructural Changes in the Adenohypophysis of Pregnant and Lactating Rabbits

Cited by 25 publications

References 17 publications

Expression of Ptx1 in the adult rat pituitary glands and pituitary cell lines: hormone-secreting cells and folliculo-stellate cells

Expression of Ptx1 in the adult rat pituitary glands and pituitary cell lines: hormone-secreting cells and folliculo-stellate cells

An ultrastructural morphometric analysis of the adenohypophysis of lactating rats

Histological and Ultrastructural Changes in the Pars Distalis of the Rabbit Pituitary in Organ Culture

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