Ultrastructural and phylogenetic assessment of wax glands in pit scales (Homoptera : Coccoidea)

Foldi, Imré; Lambdin, Paris

doi:10.1016/0020-7322(94)p3967-x

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This structure serves as a reservoir for the secretion, which probably spreads evenly among these filaments. Glands associated with cibriform plates have often been discussed in the context of pheromone secretion (e.g., Lawrence and Staddon, 1975;Barbier et al, 1992;Skilbeck and Anderson, 1994;Foldi and Lambdin, 1995) or the lubrication of sensilla (Skilbeck and Anderson, 1994). It is difficult to decide whether, in Stenus beetles, they have a specific function connected with the performance of the tarsi, particularly since pore plates of a similar appearance can be found on many other parts of the Stenus body (e.g., head, abdomen; pers.…”

Section: Ultrastructure Of Tarsal Glandsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Structure of the tarsi in some stenus species (coleoptera, staphylinidae): External morphology, ultrastructure, and tarsal secretion

Betz

2002

Journal of Morphology

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SEM studies show that the differentiation among Stenus species with respect to the formation of the tarsi (wide bilobed vs. slender tarsomeres) takes place with a considerable augmentation of tarsal ventral setae in wide bilobed tarsomeres. The structural diversity of ventral tarsal setae among and within species is discussed with respect to 1) their different roles as mechanosensilla and tenent setae, respectively, and 2) the different selection pressures in terms of adhesive requirements along the longitudinal tarsus axis. The tarsi are provided with four groups of tarsal mechanosensilla, comprising hair and bristle sensilla, campaniform sensilla, and scolopidia. The tarsus wall is supported by an epidermis, which forms three different types of glands pouring their secretion via different exit paths onto the outer cuticle. The organization and ultrastructure of each of these glands is described. Only one (unicellular) gland is directly associated with the ventral tenent setae and is thus considered to form the main part of the adhesive secretion. The beetles appear to release the tarsal secretion through mediation of the tenent setae, which contains a lipid and a proteinaceous fraction. I propose that the secretion is discharged to the outside via a system of very fine pore canals in the wall of the setal shaft. Gas chromatography and infrared spectroscopy revealed that the lipid fraction of the secretion is a mixture of unsaturated fatty acid glycerides and aliphatic hydrocarbons whose spectra are similar to those of extractions of the superficial lipid coating of the body surface.

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Section: Ultrastructure Of Tarsal Glandsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Structure of the tarsi in some stenus species (coleoptera, staphylinidae): External morphology, ultrastructure, and tarsal secretion

Betz

2002

Journal of Morphology

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“…Furthermore, the secretory organs, such as ‘enlarged ducts’ in Eriococcus Targioni Tozzetti (Eriococcidae) and ‘eight‐shaped pores’ in the Asterolecaniidae, were used as diagnostic characters to define each group (Borchsenius, ; Danzig, ; Stumpf & Lambdin, ). However, both were found to be plesiomorphic characters that also occur in only distantly related groups (Foldi & Lambdin, ; Cook & Gullan, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogeny of the family Coccidae (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha), with a discussion of their waxy ovisacs

Choi

Lee

2019

Systematic Entomology

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Coccidae is one of the major families of scale insects, with many species considered to be serious agricultural or horticultural pests. However, the phylogenetic relationships among coccid subfamilies, tribes and genera are poorly understood because existing hypotheses are based on morphological characters and cladistic analyses. Here, we present the first molecular phylogeny of the family Coccidae based on DNA fragments of a mitochondrial gene (COI), nuclear ribosomal RNA genes (18S and 28S), and elongation factor‐1α (EF‐1α). We found that some genera (Coccus Linnaeus and Pulvinaria Targioni Tozzetti), tribes (Coccini, Paralecaniini, Pulvinariini and Saissetiini) and subfamilies (Coccinae and Filippiinae) within the family are nonmonophyletic. Formation of a waxy ovisac and the distribution and structures of ventral tubular ducts have been used to define the tribe Pulvinariini morphologically; however, these were found to be homoplastic traits based on ancestral state reconstruction. Accordingly, we propose a new classification of certain groups as follows: (i) the Paralecaniini is raised to subfamily rank, Paralecaniinae stat.n., except that Neosaissetia Tao, Wong & Chang is retained as a member of Coccinae; (ii) Megapulvinaria Yang and Pulvinarisca Borchsenius are transferred from Coccinae to Pulvinariscinae stat.n.; and (iii) Metaceronema Takahashi is transferred from Filippiinae to Pulvinariscinae stat.n. We provide amended diagnoses for the newly proposed subfamilies.

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“…Bar = 2 mm. Adapted from Buschinger and Maschwitz (1984) and reproduced with permission Foldi and Lambdin, 1995;Bährmann, 2002). (B) Sticky "ant guards" produced by the hover wasp Parischnogaster jacobsoni.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesive Exocrine Glands in Insects: Morphology, Ultrastructure, and Adhesive Secretion

Betz

2010

Biological Adhesive Systems

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A literature survey is provided summarizing the available information on exocrine epidermal glands that produce adhesive secretions in insects. The focus is on both the ultrastructure of the gland cells and the identity and function of the chemical secretion produced by them. Insects employ adhesives for various functions such as tarsal attachment during locomotion, resisting external detachment forces, mating, phoresy and parasitism, egg anchorage, retreat building, self-grooming, prey capture, and active and passive defence. The available studies on the ultrastructure and the secretion of adhesive insect glands cover a broad spectrum of developmental stages and higher taxa, i.e.

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Ultrastructural and phylogenetic assessment of wax glands in pit scales (Homoptera : Coccoidea)

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Structure of the tarsi in some stenus species (coleoptera, staphylinidae): External morphology, ultrastructure, and tarsal secretion

Structure of the tarsi in some stenus species (coleoptera, staphylinidae): External morphology, ultrastructure, and tarsal secretion

Molecular phylogeny of the family Coccidae (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha), with a discussion of their waxy ovisacs

Adhesive Exocrine Glands in Insects: Morphology, Ultrastructure, and Adhesive Secretion

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