Ultrastructural and Photosynthetic Responses of Pod Walls in Alfalfa to Drought Stress

Wang, Hui; Zhou, Qingping; Mao, Peisheng

doi:10.3390/ijms21124457

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Stress has been shown to increase the expression of C 4 rather than C 3 specific genes in non-leaf plant systems. For example, this has been reported in alfalfa pod walls [48] and wheat [2]. This suggests that selection of plants with enhanced levels of expression of these traits [70] may be useful in breeding plants with greater stress tolerance.…”

Section: Importance and Function Of Non-leaf Photosynthesismentioning

confidence: 82%

Pathways of Photosynthesis in Non-Leaf Tissues

Henry

Furtado

Rangan

2020

Biology

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Plants have leaves as specialised organs that capture light energy by photosynthesis. However, photosynthesis is also found in other plant organs. Photosynthesis may be found in the petiole, stems, flowers, fruits, and seeds. All photosynthesis can contribute to the capture of carbon and growth of the plant. The benefit to the plant of photosynthesis in these other tissues or organs may often be associated with the need to re-capture carbon especially in storage organs that have high respiration rates. Some plants that conduct C3 photosynthesis in the leaves have been reported to use C4 photosynthesis in petioles, stems, flowers, fruits, or seeds. These pathways of non-leaf photosynthesis may be especially important in supporting plant growth under stress and may be a key contributor to plant growth and survival. Pathways of photosynthesis have directionally evolved many times in different plant lineages in response to environmental selection and may also have differentiated in specific parts of the plant. This consideration may be useful in the breeding of crop plants with enhanced performance in response to climate change.

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Section: Importance and Function Of Non-leaf Photosynthesismentioning

confidence: 82%

Pathways of Photosynthesis in Non-Leaf Tissues

Henry

Furtado

Rangan

2020

Biology

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“…The drought stress could significantly induce the activities of NADP-MDH, NADP-ME, NAD-ME, and PPDK in non-leaf organs (Figure 4). The previous studies reported that in non-leaf organs, the PEPC activity was significantly higher than in leaves and was induced under drought stress (Imaizumi et al, 1990;Jia et al, 2015;Zhang, 2019;Wang et al, 2020). The PEP in non-leaf organs was considered to have the possibility to recapture the respired CO 2 in the dark reaction (Singal et al, 1986).…”

Section: Changes In Photosynthetic Enzyme Activities In Non-leaf Organsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of photosynthetic characteristics of oat flag leaf and spike to drought stress

et al. 2022

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Raising crops production via improving photosynthesis has always been focused. Recently excavating and increasing the photosynthetic capacity of non-leaf organs becomes an important approach to crops yield increase. Here we studied the photosynthetic characteristics of the flag leaf and the non-leaf organs including the sheath, the glume and the lemma under greenhouse. The relative water content (RWC), the stomatal characteristics, the photosynthetic pigment contents, the enzyme activities in C3 and C4 pathway and the malate content of the flag leaf and the non-leaf organs on 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after anthesis (denoted by 7DAA, 14DAA, 21DAA, and 28DAA) were determined under well-watered (CK) and water-stressed (D) treatments. Drought stress significantly reduced the RWC of the flag leaf and the non-leaf organs, while the variation of RWC in the glume and the lemma was lower than in the flag leaf. The chlorophyll a content, the chlorophyll b content, the total chlorophyll content and the xanthophyll content in the flag leaf were significantly decreased under D. However, drought stress significantly increased the photosynthetic pigment contents in the glume at the late stage (21DAA and 28DAA). In addition, the induced activities of PEPC, NADP-MDH, NADP-ME, NAD-ME, and PPDK in non-leaf organs under drought stress suggested that the C4 photosynthetic pathway in non-leaf organs compensated the limited C3 photosynthesis in the flag leaf. Non-leaf organs, in particular the glume, showed the crucial function in maintaining the stable photosynthetic performance of oat.

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“…However, when leaf photosynthesis is potentially limited, carbohydrate partitioning is shifted from pod walls toward seeds [9,10]. Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that the legume pod wall can photosynthesize and makes an important contribution to seed yield in species, including alfalfa (Medicago sativa) [11], chickpea (Cicer arietinum) [12], soybean (Glycine max) [13], and lentil (Lens culinaris L.) [14]. Thus, the physiological responses to drought in the pod wall may be due to the adjustment of metabolism to maintain homeostasis and seed filling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic, Anatomical, and Diel Variation in Sugar Concentration Linked to Cell Wall Invertases in Common Bean Pod Racemes under Water Restriction

Mendoza

Peña-Valdivia

Hernández-Rodríguez

et al. 2022

Plants

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The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) pod wall is essential for seed formation and to protect seeds. To address the effect of water restriction on sugar metabolism in fruits differing in sink strength under light–dark cycles, we used plants of cv. OTI at 100% field capacity (FC) and at 50% FC over 10 days at the beginning of pod filling. Water restriction intensified the symptoms of leaf senescence. However, pods maintained a green color for several days longer than leaves did. In addition, the functionality of pods of the same raceme was anatomically demonstrated, and no differences were observed between water regimes. The glucose and starch concentrations were lower than those of sucrose, independent of pod wall size. Remarkably, the fructose concentration decreased only under water restriction. The cell wall invertase activity was twofold higher in the walls of small pods than in those of large ones in both water regimes; similar differences were not evident for cytosolic or vacuolar invertase. Using bioinformatics tools, six sequences of invertase genes were identified in the P. vulgaris genome. The PvINVCW4 protein sequence contains substitutions for conserved residues in the sucrose-binding site, while qPCR showed that transcript levels were induced in the walls of small pods under stress. The findings support a promising strategy for addressing sink strength under water restriction.

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Ultrastructural and Photosynthetic Responses of Pod Walls in Alfalfa to Drought Stress

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

Pathways of Photosynthesis in Non-Leaf Tissues

Pathways of Photosynthesis in Non-Leaf Tissues

Responses of photosynthetic characteristics of oat flag leaf and spike to drought stress

Phenotypic, Anatomical, and Diel Variation in Sugar Concentration Linked to Cell Wall Invertases in Common Bean Pod Racemes under Water Restriction

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