Ultrastructural analysis of projections to the pulvinar nucleus of the cat. II: Pretectum

Baldauf, Zsolt B.; Wang, Siting; Chomsung, Ranida; May, Paul J.; Bickford, Martha E.

doi:10.1002/cne.20487

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…Several studies have reported pretectal projections to the SC (Baldauf, Wang, Chomsung, & May, ; Baldauf, Wang, Wang, & Bickford, ; Born & Schmidt, ; Sudkamp & Schmidt, ; Weber & Harting, ; Weber, I‐Li Chen, & Hutchins, ). In the cat, Baldauf et al () described bilateral projections from the PPT to the SGS and SZ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nucleus pretectalis principalis: A pretectal structure hidden in the mammalian thalamus

Deichler

Carrasco

González-Cabrera

et al. 2018

J of Comparative Neurology

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A defining feature of the amniote tecto‐fugal visual pathway is a massive bilateral projection to the thalamus originating from a distinct neuronal population, tectal ganglion cells (TGCs), of the optic tectum/superior colliculus (TeO/SC). In sauropsids, the thalamic target of the tecto‐fugal pathway is the nucleus rotundus thalami (Rt). TGCs axons collateralize en route to Rt to target the nucleus pretectalis principalis (PT), which in turn gives rise to bilateral projection to the TeO. In rodents, the thalamic target of these TGCs afferents is the caudal division of the pulvinar complex (PulC). No pretectal structures in receipt of TGC collaterals have been described in this group. However, Baldwin et al. (Journal of Comparative Neurology, 2011;519(6):1071–1094) reported in the squirrel a feedback projection from the PulC to the SC. Pulvino‐tectal (Pul‐T) cells lie at the caudal pole of the PulC, intermingled with the axonal terminals of TGCs. Here, by performing a combination of neuronal tracing, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and in situ hybridization, we characterized the pattern of projections, neurochemical profile, and genoarchitecture of Pul‐T cells in the diurnal Chilean rodent Octodon degus. We found that Pul‐T neurons exhibit pretectal, but not thalamic, genoarchitectonical markers, as well as hodological and neurochemical properties that match specifically those of the avian nucleus PT. Thus, we propose that Pul‐T cells constitute a pretectal cell population hidden within the dorsal thalamus of mammals. Our results solve the oddity entailed by the apparent existence of a noncanonic descending sensory thalamic projection and further stress the conservative character of the tectofugal pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nucleus pretectalis principalis: A pretectal structure hidden in the mammalian thalamus

Deichler

Carrasco

González-Cabrera

et al. 2018

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…To reveal the distribution of GAD, sections were processed using immunocytochemical protocols previously described (Bickford et al, 1999; Baldauf et al, 2005). To reveal the distribution of vGLUT1 and vGLUT2, 50-μm-thick vibratome sections were preincubated in 10% NGS in PBS for 30 minutes and then incubated overnight at 4°C in solutions containing dilutions of the anti-vGLUT1 or anti-vGLUT2 antibodies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the GABAergic terminals labeled following larger injections likely represent pretectopulvinar terminals (Baldauf et al, 2005), particularly insofar as more GABAergic terminals were labeled following injections in the most rostral SC. Therefore, we confined our analysis to the synaptic targets of non-GABAergic BDA-labeled terminals.…”

Section: Distribution Of Vglut and Gad In The Pulvinar Nucleusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural examination of diffuse and specific tectopulvinar projections in the tree shrew

Chomsung

Petry

Bickford

2008

J of Comparative Neurology

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Two pathways from the superior colliculus (SC) to the tree shrew pulvinar nucleus have been described, one in which the axons terminate in dense (or specific) patches and one in which the axon arbors are more diffusely organized J. . As predicted by Lyon et al. ([2003] J. Comp. Neurol. 467:593-606), we found that anterograde labeling of the diffuse tectopulvinar pathway terminated in the acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-rich dorsal pulvinar (Pd), whereas the specific pathway terminated in the AChE-poor central pulvinar (Pc). Injections of retrograde tracers in Pd labeled non-γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic wide-field vertical cells located in the lower stratum griseum superficiale and stratum opticum of the medial SC, whereas injections in Pc labeled similar cells in more lateral regions. At the ultrastructural level, we found that tectopulvinar terminals in both Pd and Pc contact primarily non-GABAergic dendrites. When present, however, synaptic contacts on GABAergic profiles were observed more frequently in Pc (31% of all contacts) compared with Pd (16%). Terminals stained for the type 2 vesicular glutamate transporter, a potential marker of tectopulvinar terminals, also contacted more GABAergic profiles in Pc (19%) compared with Pd (4%). These results provide strong evidence for the division of the tree shrew pulvinar into two distinct tectorecipient zones. The potential functions of these pathways are discussed. J. Comp. Neurol. 510:24 -46, 2008. Indexing termssynapse; ultrastructure; GABA; pulvinar nucleus; superior colliculus; vesicular glutamate transporter; Tupaia belangeri Parallel visual pathways from the retina to the cortex, relayed via the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), or the superior colliculus (SC) and pulvinar nucleus, likely serve distinct functions in the coding of form, movement, and spatial location signals. In the dLGN, further segregations of anatomically and physiologically distinct visual pathways have been identified and extensively characterized (Sherman, 1985). Likewise, studies in a variety of species have provided evidence for the existence of multiple pathways from the SC to the thalamus (May, 2006), although these pathways are largely uncharacterized, and their functions are unclear. The tree shrew, with its expanded tectopulvinar system, is good choice for studies of how pathways from the SC influence cortical activity via their projections to the pulvinar nucleus.In 1988, Luppino et al. labeled tectothalamic terminals in the tree shrew by placing small injections of axonal tracers in the SC and discovered that the pulvinar nucleus receives input *Correspondence to: Martha E. Bickford, Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, 500 S. Preston St., Louisville, KY 40292. E-mail: martha.bickford@louisville.edu. We recently examined the synaptic organization of two tectorecipient zones of the cat thalamus (Kelly et al., 2003). We found that tectal terminals in the medial subdivision of the lateral posterior (LPm) ...

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“…cortex; thalamus; visual system; sensorimotor; ultrastructure The feline pulvinar nucleus (PUL) receives input from a wide array of cortical areas (Raczkowski and Rosenquist, 1983) as well as the pretectum (PT;Berman, 1977;Berson and Graybiel, 1978;Schmidt et al, 2001;Baldauf et al, 2005). However, the contribution of these inputs to the response properties of PUL neurons is unknown.…”

Section: Indexing Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The goal of this study was to examine the synaptic arrangements of parietopulvinar terminals, and the laminar distribution of parietopulvinar cells, as a first step toward understanding how cortical inputs may influence the response properties of PUL neurons. In the accompanying paper, we describe the synaptic arrangements and cells of origin of the pretectal input to the PUL (Baldauf et al, 2005). …”

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confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural analysis of projections to the pulvinar nucleus of the cat. I: Middle suprasylvian gyrus (areas 5 and 7)

et al. 2005

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The mammalian pulvinar nucleus (PUL) establishes heavy interconnections with the parietal lobe, but the precise nature of these connections is only partially understood. To examine the distribution of corticopulvinar cells in the cat, we injected the PUL with retrograde tracers. Corticopulvinar cells were located in layers V and VI of a wide variety of cortical areas, with a major concentration of cells in area 7. To examine the morphology and distribution of corticopulvinar terminals, we injected cortical areas 5 or 7 with anterograde tracers. The majority of corticopulvinar axons were thin fibers (type I) with numerous diffuse small boutons. Thicker (type II) axons with fewer, larger boutons were also present. Boutons of type II axons formed clusters within restricted regions of the PUL. We examined corticopulvinar terminals labeled from area 7 at the ultrastructural level in tissue stained for γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). By correlating the size of the presynaptic and postsynaptic profiles, we were able to quantitatively divide the labeled terminals into two categories: small and large (RS and RL, respectively). The RS terminals predominantly innervated small-caliber non-GABAergic (thalamocortical cell) dendrites, whereas the RL terminals established complex synaptic arrangements with dendrites of both GABAergic interneurons and non-GABAergic cells. Interpretation of these results using Sherman and Guillery's recent theories of thalamic organization (Sherman and Guillery [1998] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:7121-7126) suggests that area 7 may both drive and modulate PUL activity. Indexing termscortex; thalamus; visual system; sensorimotor; ultrastructure The feline pulvinar nucleus (PUL) receives input from a wide array of cortical areas (Raczkowski and Rosenquist, 1983) as well as the pretectum (PT;Berman, 1977;Berson and Graybiel, 1978;Schmidt et al., 2001;Baldauf et al., 2005). However, the contribution of these inputs to the response properties of PUL neurons is unknown. The cells of the PUL have large visual receptive fields that often lack clear boundaries; they respond more robustly to diffuse illumination than to small visual cues (Godfraind et al., 1972;Mason, 1981 by saccadic eye movements. Sudkamp and Schmidt (2000) identified three general classes of neurons in the feline PUL: "S" neurons are active during saccadic eye movements, "V" neurons are responsive to visual stimuli and unresponsive to eye movements, and "SV" neurons respond to both stationary ON and OFF stimuli and to sudden stimulus shifts.These response properties are similar in many respects to those of neurons in the parietal cortex, an area that establishes extensive reciprocal connections with the PUL (de V Clüver and Campos-Ortega, 1969;Heath and Jones, 1971;Robertson and Cunningham, 1981;Niimi et al., 1983;Raczkowski and Rosenquist, 1983;Avendaño et al., 1985;Olson and Lawler, 1987). In the cat, these cortical areas are primarily located within the middle suprasylvian gyrus (MSg) or cytoarchitectonically in areas 5 and 7 (Gu...

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Ultrastructural analysis of projections to the pulvinar nucleus of the cat. II: Pretectum

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

The nucleus pretectalis principalis: A pretectal structure hidden in the mammalian thalamus

The nucleus pretectalis principalis: A pretectal structure hidden in the mammalian thalamus

Ultrastructural examination of diffuse and specific tectopulvinar projections in the tree shrew

Ultrastructural analysis of projections to the pulvinar nucleus of the cat. I: Middle suprasylvian gyrus (areas 5 and 7)

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