Ultrastructural Analysis of Human Eosinophils

Dvorak, Ann M.; Weller, Peter F.

doi:10.1159/000058790

Cited by 43 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…At least for the major cationic protein components of eosinophil-specific granules, selective losses of the core or matrix components of the granules and other findings suggest that eosinophil-specific granule contents may be mobilized by selective incorporation into small vesicles that traffic to the cell surface and release these granule contents by a process of "piecemeal" degranulation based on vesicular transport (23,24). Recently, Lacy and coworkers identified IFN-␥ as a physiological stimulus that in vitro induces piecemeal release of RANTES, a chemokine also stored preformed in eosinophil-specific granules (25); we have established a microscopic assay, the EliCell assay, to study the piecemeal degranulation process in eosinophils (18).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutting Edge: Eotaxin Elicits Rapid Vesicular Transport-Mediated Release of Preformed IL-4 from Human Eosinophils

Bandeira‐Melo

Sugiyama

Woods

et al. 2001

The Journal of Immunology

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IL-4 release is important in promoting Th2-mediated allergic and parasitic immune responses. Although human eosinophils are potential sources of IL-4, physiologic mechanisms to elicit its release have not been established. By flow cytometry and microscopy, eosinophils from normal donors uniformly contained preformed IL-4. In contrast to cytolytic IL-4 release from calcium ionophore-activated eosinophils, eotaxin and RANTES, but not IFN-γ, elicited IL-4 release by noncytotoxic mechanisms. With a dual Ab capture and detection immunofluorescent microscopic assay, IL-4 was released at discrete cell surface sites. IL-5 enhanced eotaxin-induced IL-4 release, which was mediated by G protein-coupled CCR3 receptors, detectable as early as 5 min and maximum within 1 h. IL-4 release was not diminished by transcription or protein synthesis inhibitors, but was suppressed by brefeldin A, an inhibitor of vesicle formation. Thus, CCR3-mediated signaling can rapidly mobilize IL-4 stored preformed in human eosinophils for release by vesicular transport to contribute to immune responses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutting Edge: Eotaxin Elicits Rapid Vesicular Transport-Mediated Release of Preformed IL-4 from Human Eosinophils

Bandeira‐Melo

Sugiyama

Woods

et al. 2001

The Journal of Immunology

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“…Recent data have brought conclusive evidence for the participation of morphologically distinct, large, membrane-bound, tubular compartments in the eosinophil secretory route [43][44][45]. Although these vesiculotubular structures have long been recognized in the cytoplasm of eosinophils [48][49][50] (Fig. 2A), little attention was given to them, and their functional roles remained poorly understood for 30 years.…”

Section: Distinct Vesicular Compartments Operate In the Eosinophil Sementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These structures were also reported previously as microgranules (reviewed in ref. [50]) or cup-shaped structures [48] in the early eosinophil literature. It is interesting that cytoplasmic vesiculotubular structures, recently referred to as EoSVs ( Fig.…”

Section: Distinct Vesicular Compartments Operate In the Eosinophil Sementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is interesting that cytoplasmic vesiculotubular structures, recently referred to as EoSVs ( Fig. 2A) [44], are sufficiently unique in eosinophils that their presence in the cytoplasm of granulocytes, devoid of specific granules, is useful for lineage assignment of granule-poor, activated cells [50].…”

Section: Distinct Vesicular Compartments Operate In the Eosinophil Sementioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of eosinophil secretion: large vesiculotubular carriers mediate transport and release of granule-derived cytokines and other proteins

Melo

Spencer

Dvorak

et al. 2007

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

106

113

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Eosinophils generate and store a battery of proteins, including classical cationic proteins, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Rapid secretion of these active mediators by eosinophils is central to a range of inflammatory and immunoregulatory responses. Eosinophil products are packaged within a dominant population of cytoplasmic specific granules and generally secreted by piecemeal degranulation, a process mediated by transport vesicles. Large, pleiomorphic vesiculotubular carriers were identified recently as key players for moving eosinophil proteins from granules to the plasma membrane for extracellular release. During secretion, these specialized, morphologically distinct carriers, termed eosinophil sombrero vesicles, are actively formed and direct differential and rapid release of eosinophil proteins. This review highlights recent discoveries concerning the organization of the human eosinophil secretory pathway. These discoveries are defining a broader role for large vesiculotubular carriers in the intracellular trafficking and secretion of proteins, including selective receptor-mediated mobilization and transport of cytokines.

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“…on May 12, 2018. by guest www.bloodjournal.org From Ultrastructural changes characteristic of eosinophil activation include piecemeal degranulation and increases in the numbers of lipid bodies 16 (Figure 2). Electron microscopy was performed on peripheral blood eosinophils from 9 affected and 7 unaffected family members.…”

Section: Eosinophil Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%