“…With the continuous development of conductive hydrogels, flexible wearable hydrogel devices have attracted considerable attention. 1,2 Based on numerous studies on functional hydrogels such as self-healing, [3][4][5][6] antifreeze, [7][8][9][10] shape memory, [11][12][13] and adhesive, [14][15][16][17][18] researchers have prepared a series of hydrogel sensors. For example, high-performance strain sensors, [19][20][21] pressure sensors, [22][23][24][25] temperature sensors, 26,27 humidity sensors 28 and multimodal sensors, 29 which have potential applications in human health monitoring, 30,31 soft robot, 32,33 biomedical, 34,35 and other fields.…”