Ultrastable green fluorescence carbon dots with a high quantum yield for bioimaging and use as theranostic carriers

Abstract

Green luminescent carbon dots with a high quantum yield and superior stability over a range of pH are synthesised for the first time via a new heating method. The carbon dots can be assembled into defined nanocomplexes as theranostic carriers for doxorubicin delivery.

Recent Developments in Synthesis and Photocatalytic Applications of Carbon Dots

“…Transmission electron microscopic (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), and atomic force microscopic (AFM) images of CDs that were synthesized from BMIMPF 6 /acetonitrile at ratio of 1: 500 are illustrated in Figure 2D-F, respectively. A simple and rapid heating method was used to obtain CDs with QYs of up to 30% [9] from oligoethylenimine and β-cyclodextrin by incubation in a phosphoric acid/water mixture at 90 °C for only 2 h. CDs that were obtained after dialysis had a uniform spherical shape with diameters of 2-4 nm and they exhibited outstanding green fluorescence at 510 nm (excitation at 390 nm) with a QY of 30%. Table 1 summarizes methods of CD synthesis from different precursors as well as CD optical/physical properties and applications.…”

Biomolecule-derived quantum dots for sustainable optoelectronics

“…The added advantages of scalability, biocompatibility and costeffectiveness of biomolecule-derived QDs in addition to their tunable and superior optical features make them alternative and smart choices compared to conventional semiconductor QDs for applications ranging from biodiagnostics to optoelectronics. Accordingly, different biomolecules such as plant extracts including fruits, seeds, peels, leaves, owers, roots and vegetables, [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] sugars including monosaccharides and polysaccharides, [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69] different amino acids and proteins, [70][71][72][73][74][75][76]…”

Selective photothermal killing of cancer cells using LED-activated nucleus targeting fluorescent carbon dots

“…Initial efforts were devoted to preparing a green-emitting nanomaterial that could be more easily imaged directly in live cells using confocal microscopy than the more common blueemitting FCDs. 23,26,[39][40][41][42] The synthesis of FCD-3 was thus achieved in one pot aer three minutes of microwave heating (domestic 700 W MW) of glucosamine$HCl 1 and m-phenylenediamine 2 (Scheme 1A, see the ESI † for experimental details). 43 Centrifugal ltration (10 kDa molecular weight cutoff) afforded monodisperse quasi-spherical FCD-3.…”