Ultrassonografia pélvica em crianças e adolescentes

Abstract

O conhecimento das mudanças que ocorrem no útero e ovários durante a puberdade é fundamental ao investigar alterações da pelve feminina em crianças e adolescentes. O exame ultrassonográfico nestas pacientes é rotineiramente realizado por via abdominal usando o líquido da bexiga como uma janela ultrassônica, embora possa ser algumas vezes realizado pela via vaginal em adolescentes sexualmente ativas. As principais indicações para ultrassonografia pélvica em crianças e adolescentes são a puberdade precoce ou atrasada, dor ou massas pélvicas, genitália ambígua, sangramento vaginal em crianças e amenorreia primária. Neste artigo relatamos a técnica do exame, além de descrever os achados mais freqüentes.

Torção ovariana: ensaio iconográfico com enfoque em achados de ressonância magnética e tomografia computadorizada

“…Sectional imaging methods are only indicated either in cases where the signs and symptoms are suggestive of other causes of abdominal pain such as appendicitis and diverticulitis (that is not an uncommon finding), or in the presence of contraindication for US (for example, transvaginal US in virgin women), or inconclusive US results (6) . The sonographic findings have already been described and are widely known (7) , thus the present study is focused on findings of ovarian torsion at computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).…”

Ultrassonografia nas massas anexiais: aspectos de imagem

“…Mature cystic teratomas of the ovary, or ovarian dermoid cysts, are the most common ovarian neoplasms (1,2) .They may be identified in all age groups, however in the childhood and adolescence they are frequent causes of ovarian torsion and may be bilateral in up to 10% of cases (2) . Typical sonographic findings are the presence of focal or diffuse high-amplitude echoes, areas with posterior acoustic beam attenuation, and visualization of hyperechogenic lines and spots within the mass (Figure 13).…”

“…Typical sonographic findings are the presence of focal or diffuse high-amplitude echoes, areas with posterior acoustic beam attenuation, and visualization of hyperechogenic lines and spots within the mass (Figure 13). In mature cystic teratomas, such heterogeneous findings translate into the presence of calcified tissues similar to bones and teeth, hair and fat tissue (2,7,14,16,17) .…”

“…Ovarian torsion is a gynecological emergency and it is very frequently associated with significant abdominal pain. Mature cystic teratomas and paraovarian cysts are known to be common causes of such torsion (1,2) . In children, the excessive mobility of the normal ovary in the pelvis is its main cause (2) .…”

“…erential method in the complementary investigation (2) . Transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) is currently considered as a highly accurate method in the evaluation of adnexal masses and ovarian cysts (1)(2)(3) .…”