Ultrasound Quantification of Kidneys Length and Width to Establish Normal Values in Healthy Sudanese School Aged Children

Ayad, Caroline Edward

doi:10.11648/j.ajhr.20140203.11

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…The correlations of the anthropometric body indices versus dimensions of several body organs have been documented in litearture [9, 10]. It is well known that renal size is related to age, height and weight of children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic length of morphologically-normal kidneys in children presented to a premier tertiary healthcare setting of Sri Lanka

Duminda¹,

Pathirana

Fernando

et al. 2019

BMC Nephrol

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Background Accurate prediction of reference ranges of renal lengths facilitates clinical decision making. Currently a single renal-length-reference chart is used for both kidneys, which is solely based on the age of the child without adjusting for anthropometrics. Objective of the study is to assess the length of morphologically-normal kidneys ultrasonically and to build models to predict the renal lengths of children presenting at the Radiology Department of Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children. Methods A descriptive cross sectional study was done among 424 children with 233 males and 191 females at the study setting. Study population included children undergoing abdominal ultrasound scans for indications not related to renal disease. Children with a family history of renal diseases or with morphologically-abnormal kidneys were excluded. Bipolar-lengths of kidneys, gender and anthropometrics were documented. Having tested for assumptions, Wilcoxon-signed rank test, Mann-Whitney U test and multiple linear regression were used. Results The mean (SD) bipor-length of right and left kidneys were 6.83 (1.43) and 7.05 (1.36) respectively ( p < 0.001). Age, height and weight were significantly correlated with the renal lengths ( p < 0.05). Until 16 months, there was a significant difference between the renal lengths between males and females ( P < 0.05). Yet the association with gender was not significant from 17 months and in overall. Until 16 months, the best linear-regression equation ( p < 0.001) for the left kidney was; 3.827 + 0.019(length in centimeters) + 0.141(weight in kilograms) - 0.023(age in months) - 0.347(for male sex). For the right kidney, it was; 3.888 + 0.020(length or height) + 0.121(weight) - 0.037(age) - 0.372 (for male sex). The respective R squares were 59.2 and 53.5% with VIF (Variance-Inflation-Factor) ranging from 1.06 to 2.08. From 17 months, best equation for left kidney (p < 0.001) was; 5.651+ 0.022(age) + 0.01(BMI). For right kidney it was; 5.336 + 0.022(age) + 0.012(BMI). The R squares were 62.5 and 66.1% with VIF being 1. Conclusions The established models explain more variability for children above 17 months. Both renal lengths are affected significant by the body’s’ anthropometric parameters. For each kidney, separate normograms of renal lengths which are local-context-specific must be prepared. Further research must be promoted. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12882-019-1377-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic length of morphologically-normal kidneys in children presented to a premier tertiary healthcare setting of Sri Lanka

Duminda¹,

Pathirana

Fernando

et al. 2019

BMC Nephrol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Relationship between renal dimensions using ultrasonography and body mass index in apparently healthy school children in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

et al. 2020

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Relation between Renal Length and Renal Volume with Patient’s BMI: A Critical Appraisal

Paul¹,

Talhar²,

Sontakke³

et al. 2016

Anat Physiol

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In urological and nephrological practices, evaluation of kidney size imparts a valuable diagnostic parameter. Age, gender, body mass index, pregnancy and co-morbid conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension are supposed to affect the renal size. Measurements of renal dimensions can be carried out by using different modern techniques like ultrasonography, CT scan and MRI. On the other hand body mass index (BMI) provides information to know the patient's obesity which is based on patient's height and weight. Information available from one particular region may not satisfy the other region as renal parameters varies with different ethnic group and body size. In this prospective, reviewing literature of different studies evaluated so far to predict the relationship between renal dimensions and BMI is carried out. These studies revealed that most of renal parameters were positively correlated with body size of an individual, therefore they can be used to estimate the size and volume of kidney. Moreover, the standard normal reference ranges for renal volume and size can serve as gold standard and acts as an adjunct to judge the atrophic or hypertrophic condition of kidney. Hence, establishing relationship between measured renal dimensions and BMI will serve as a useful guideline for detection of diseased condition of kidney. This paper sets out to present published data on researches that has fortified knowledge and understanding of correlation between different renal parameters and BMI, keeping in mind different demographic background. Thus here we are putting a comprehensive account of the studies carried out globally to establish the inter-relationship between renal dimensions with BMI which definitely helps the nephrologists in early diagnosing the renal diseases.

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Ultrasound Quantification of Kidneys Length and Width to Establish Normal Values in Healthy Sudanese School Aged Children

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Ultrasonographic length of morphologically-normal kidneys in children presented to a premier tertiary healthcare setting of Sri Lanka

Ultrasonographic length of morphologically-normal kidneys in children presented to a premier tertiary healthcare setting of Sri Lanka

Relationship between renal dimensions using ultrasonography and body mass index in apparently healthy school children in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Relation between Renal Length and Renal Volume with Patient’s BMI: A Critical Appraisal

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