2013
DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43745k
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Ultrasound promoted catalyst-free and selective synthesis of spiro[indole-3,4′-pyrazolo[3,4-e][1,4]thiazepines] in aqueous media and evaluation of their anti-hyperglycemic activity

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Cited by 39 publications
(11 citation statements)
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References 64 publications
(8 reference statements)
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“…Hence, inspired by these findings and in continuation of our ongoing work to develop environmentally benign methodologies [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] for the synthesis of biologically useful heterocycles, we have investigated a threecomponent protocol for the synthesis of drug-like spiro[acenaphthylene-1,2 0 [1,3]-thiazolidine]-2,4 0 (1H)-diones from the multi-component reaction of acenapthaquinone, substituted anilines, and a-mercaptoacetic acid in good yield using thiamine hydrochloride as a green, inexpensive, and reusable catalyst in aqueous medium. The present method is more convenient and efficient because it obviates the azeotropical removal of water and use of carcinogenic solvents as well as dehydrating agents.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 86%
“…Hence, inspired by these findings and in continuation of our ongoing work to develop environmentally benign methodologies [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] for the synthesis of biologically useful heterocycles, we have investigated a threecomponent protocol for the synthesis of drug-like spiro[acenaphthylene-1,2 0 [1,3]-thiazolidine]-2,4 0 (1H)-diones from the multi-component reaction of acenapthaquinone, substituted anilines, and a-mercaptoacetic acid in good yield using thiamine hydrochloride as a green, inexpensive, and reusable catalyst in aqueous medium. The present method is more convenient and efficient because it obviates the azeotropical removal of water and use of carcinogenic solvents as well as dehydrating agents.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 86%
“…Despite their importance, most processes for their synthesis require harsh conditions, expensive reagents, high catalyst loading, corrosive or toxic reagents, and often lead to several side reactions [52]. In 2013, Dandia et al [53] developed a three-component reaction under catalyst-free conditions and ultrasonic irradiation for the synthesis of spiro[indole-3,4 -pyrazolo[3,4-e] [1,4]thiazepines] in water. The reaction was shown to be chemo-, regio-, and diastereo-selective, and the formation of the thiodiazepin seven-membered ring was conditioned by that of a Baylis-Hillman type adduct (Scheme 11).…”
Section: Of 35mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This transformation involves the generation of two rings and five new bonds (two C-C, two C-N and one C=N) in a single synthetic operation (Scheme 34). The synthesis of spiroacenaphthylene pentacyclic system 105 in 65% yield from the one-pot reaction of 1, cyclic ketone 106, and two molecules of malononitrile (71) in the presence of morpholine as the catalyst at ambient temperature for 5 minutes was reported by Elinson and co-workers (Scheme 37). 51…”
Section: Scheme 33mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In another report, Bazgir et al 34 synthesized spiroacenaphthylene-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole 80 in 87% yield using piperidine as the catalyst in a four-component reaction of β-keto ester 81, hydrazine hydrate (76), malononitrile (71) and 1 in aqueous medium for 5 hours. Most of the products exhibited good to excellent antibacterial activities.…”
Section: Scheme 27 Synthesis Of Spirodihydropyridine Derivatives 78mentioning
confidence: 99%
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