Ultrasound image measurements of erector spinae muscle thickness at four spinal levels in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis: reliability and concave-convex comparison

Richter, Alan; Parent, Éric; Kawchuk, Gregory N.; Moreau, Marc; Hedden, Douglas; Lou, Edmond

doi:10.1186/1748-7161-8-s2-o36

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Similar to our findings, other studies investigating paraspinal muscle volume, 16,36 thickness, 34,35 composition, 11–17,38 and activation 10 asymmetry have demonstrated that the greatest between-side asymmetry and deviation from typical paraspinal morphology is at the apex of the scoliotic curve. However, the muscle size data requires greater consideration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…28,29 Muscle size is an important predictor of muscle forcegenerating capacity. 33 Paraspinal muscle thickness measured using ultrasound 34,35 or the muscle volume assessed through the segmentation of MRI data 16,36 has been used to compare muscle size between the convex and concave sides of the scoliotic curve. To date, there is the greatest evidence for asymmetry in these factors at the apex and lower-end vertebra of the scoliotic curve.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Quantifying Muscle Size Asymmetry in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Using Three-dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Duncombe,

Izatt,

Pivonka

et al. 2023

Spine

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Study Design: This is a case-control study of prospectively collected data. Objective: To quantify paraspinal muscle size asymmetry in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and determine if this asymmetry is i) greater than observed in adolescent controls with symmetrical spines; and ii) positively associated with skeletal maturity using Risser grade, scoliosis severity using the Cobb angle, and chronological age in years. Summary of Background Data: AIS is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine which occurs in 2.5-3.7% of the Australian population. There is some evidence of asymmetry in paraspinal-muscle activation and morphology in AIS. Asymmetrical paraspinal muscle forces may facilitate asymmetrical vertebral growth during adolescence. Methods: An asymmetryindex [Ln(concave/convex volume)] of i) deep and ii) superficial paraspinal-muscle volumes, at the level of the i) major curve apex (Thoracic 8-9th vertebral level) and ii) lower-end vertebrae (LEV, Thoracic 10-12th vertebral level), was determined from 3D Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of 25 adolescents with AIS (all right thoracic curves), and 22 healthy controls (convex=left); all female, 10-16 years. Results: Asymmetryindex of deep paraspinal-muscle volumes was greater in AIS (0.16±0.20) than healthy spine controls (-0.06±0.13) at the level of the apex (P<0.01, linear mixed-effects analysis), but not LEV (P>0.05). Asymmetryindex was positively correlated with Risser grade (r=0.50, P<0.05) and scoliosis Cobb angle (r=0.45, P<0.05), but not age (r=0.34, P>0.05). There was no difference in the asymmetryindex of superficial paraspinal muscle volumes between AIS and controls (P>0.05). Conclusions: The asymmetry of deep apical paraspinal-muscle volume in AIS at the scoliosis apex is greater than that observed at equivalent vertebral levels in controls and may play a role in the pathogenesis of AIS.

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