Abstract:Surgical procedures often have the unfortunate side-effect of causing the patient significant trauma while accessing the target site. Indeed, in some cases the trauma inflicted on the patient during access to the target greatly exceeds that caused by performing the therapy. Heart disease has traditionally been treated surgically using open chest techniques with the patient being placed "on pump" -i.e. their circulation being maintained by a cardio-pulmonary bypass or "heart-lung" machine. Recently, techniques … Show more
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