Ultrasound Guided Transarterial Coil Placement in the Internal and External Carotid Artery in Horses

Abstract

Based on our study, UGTACP of the ICA and ECA caudal part is a feasible alternative to fluoroscopy. An advantage of this technique is the accuracy with which you can catheterize both ICA and ECA and the ability to identify unusual branching at the origin of the ICA. Regarding the rostral part of the ICA, angiographic catheter guidance in this region is probably more precise using fluoroscopy as it is performed blindly. In a clinical situation, combination of US and fluoroscopy guidance can result in reduction of radiation exposure time.

Challenges associated with the diagnosis and management of guttural pouch epistaxis in equids

“…Attempts to modify or adapt the technique are constantly proposed, especially if a fluoroscope is not available (Muñoz et al . ). The recent work of Truffet confirms previous studies (Lepage and Piccot‐Crezollet ) of the high success rate with the TACE procedure, to prevent or treat active guttural pouch epistaxis in horses, without any additional treatment.…”

Salpingopharyngeal fistula as a treatment for guttural pouch mycosis in seven horses

“…Beyond preventing fatal haemorrhage, obstructing blood flow through these major vessels often results in inhibition of fungal growth by an unknown mechanism [2,14]. Decreased blood flow through the target vessel can be achieved using ligation, balloon tipped catheter placement or transarterial coil embolisation [7,8,11,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. These procedures do not directly address the potential for neurological disease, have their own risk of complications, and can be cost prohibitive.…”

Techniques and Indications for Intraoperative Ultrasound in Horses

“…Intraoperative ultrasound was also used to mark the site of the skin incision (Fig ). Methods for marking the skin have been described, including using needles placed in the skin and indelible pens . The technique investigated in this study has not been previously described and although not objectively validated, the authors have used the technique for many years and find that it offers good precision.…”

“…Since Adams et al described the use of intraoperative ultrasound for the removal of a cervical foreign body in 1987, there have been 21 reports of the use of intraoperative ultrasound for instrument guidance or marking in horses Only a small number of reports describe the use of ultrasound in detail for a selection of specific indications, such as removal of articular osteochondral fragments and foreign bodies, tendon splitting, and desmotomy of the accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon . The authors of these reports proposed benefits of intraoperative ultrasound to include improved visualization, less surgical trauma, fewer complications, and shorter surgery duration . Similarly, decreasing the exposure of operating room staff to ionizing radiation by obviating use of radiography was also widely reported …”