2017
DOI: 10.1097/aap.0000000000000572
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Ultrasound-Guided Interventional Procedures

Abstract: Ultrasound-guided injections in pain medicine are a common intervention. They have been used to manage myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in different muscles of the body. The main objectives of this article were to review ultrasound-guided injection techniques used for treating MTrPs. We also summarize the anatomy and sonoanatomy of MTrPs using the upper trapezius muscle as an example.

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Cited by 35 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…12 These areas may be hypoechogenic on ultrasonography, presenting as grade 1C on the SEM. As a trigger point evolves, discrete regions in the taut band become stiffer but remain hypoechogenic on ultrasonography, [39][40][41] presenting as grade 1D on the SEM. A chronically stiff muscle can stimulate the deposition of connective tissue due to lack of movement, making the muscle slightly more echogenic, and presenting as grade 2C on the SEM.…”
Section: Clinical Utility Of the Stiffness-echogenicity Matrixmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…12 These areas may be hypoechogenic on ultrasonography, presenting as grade 1C on the SEM. As a trigger point evolves, discrete regions in the taut band become stiffer but remain hypoechogenic on ultrasonography, [39][40][41] presenting as grade 1D on the SEM. A chronically stiff muscle can stimulate the deposition of connective tissue due to lack of movement, making the muscle slightly more echogenic, and presenting as grade 2C on the SEM.…”
Section: Clinical Utility Of the Stiffness-echogenicity Matrixmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There are some controversies regarding the US visualization of trigger points in MPS patients [12]. The least common application of US-guided DN is the visualization of trigger points [14,20,24].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The least common application of US-guided DN is the visualization of trigger points [14,20,24]. Previous studies revealed that US fails to identify the exact echogenicity changes [12]. The mechanism of action of DN in pain relief among patients with MPS remains undiscovered [9].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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