Ultrasound features of the subungual glomus tumor and squamous cell carcinomas

Abstract

The nail is a complex skin appendage which plays a key role not only in tactile sensitivity and proprioception but also in picking up and handling small objects by exerting a counterpressure against the fingertip. The nail plate, commonly called the nail, originates from the nail matrix, a cul-de-sac highly proliferative structure lying below the proximal nail fold. The nail plate covers and protects the nail bed, which consists of a superficial epidermal layer and deeper dermis. Due to the lack of subcutaneous tissue, the nail bed is closely attached to the underlying periosteum of the distal phalanx. The area between the nail plate and the bony margin

Treatment Options and Outcomes for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Nail Unit: A Systematic Review

“…46 However, there is currently no standard protocol for imaging of nSCC to detect bone involvement, and routine imaging before treatment has not been shown to influence choice of treatment. [47][48][49][50] On radiographic imaging, nSCC involving the bone cannot be distinguished from other causes of bone marrow edema, including subungual keratoacanthoma. 51,52 Subungual keratoacanthoma can cause resorption of underlying bone and appear lytic on imaging but is pathologically distinct from nSCC.…”

“…53,54 Plain films have low sensitivity and specificity for detecting bone invasion, and although ultrasound may be helpful in differentiating subungual tumors, it has not been studied as a tool to assess nSCC invasion. 38,49,50 Histopathologic analysis, whether through bone biopsy or modified MMS, remains necessary to confirm bone invasion of nSCC. Once confirmed, a multidisciplinary approach to amputation using MMS for primary tumor excision combined with subsequent amputation may maximize digit preservation and function but requires further study.…”

Suprascapular glomus tumor: an unusual cause of chronic shoulder pain

“…However, MRI, in almost one third of cases is non-diagnostic; especially in pathologically and anatomically atypical tumors [ 8 ]. Additionally, given its availability and low cost, ultrasonography can be used for the diagnosis and characterization of extradigital GTs [ 19 ].…”

Glomus tumour of the hand: a case report and review of the literature

“…9,11 Ultrasonography is a cost-effective modality and can reveal pinpoint location and size. 8,11 MRI has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing this condition. Pathognomic features on MRI are low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, hyperintensity on T2-weighted images and enhancement on T1weighted images after Gadolinium injections.…”

“…Imaging (Ultrasound, CT scan or MRI) is required in cases with equivocal findings or suspected bone erosion. 7,8…”