Ultrasound exfoliation of graphite in biphasic liquid systems containing ionic liquids: A study on the conditions for obtaining large few-layers graphene

Eutectic Molecular Liquids Based on Hydrogen Bonding and π–π Interaction for Exfoliating Two‐dimensional Materials and Recycling Polymers

“…Consequently, the EMLs presented in this work are considered to have the potential to exfoliate 2D materials. It was reported that the planar medium is more conducive to exfoliating, because most two‐dimensional materials (such as graphene) are planar . Moreover, it has been reported that compounds containing protons can help to exfoliate 2D materials .…”

“…It was reported that the planar medium is more conducive to exfoliating, because most two-dimensional materials (such as graphene) are planar. [16] Moreover, it has been reported that compounds containing protons can help to exfoliate 2D materials. [17] The proton-type mediumh as as tronger surface interaction with the two-dimensional material.…”

A Green and Easy Large Scale Method for Obtaining Graphene Nanoplatelets by Steam Explosion and Ultrasonic Exfoliation

“…During rarefaction cycles cavitation occurs, where the negative acoustic pressure is enough large, creating microbubbles, which grow in a short period of time and collapse violently creating local 'hot spots' up to 5000 K, pressure up to 20 MPa and fast rates heating/cooling up to 10 10 K/s. [45] Cavitation process weakens the van der Waals forces between the graphene sheets and at the same time, increases the spacing between layers. The use of ultrasound to produce high quality graphene from graphite in solution has gained great attention due to its advantages such as simplicity, economical, and easy to scale.…”

“…Ultrasonic waves consist of compression and rarefaction cycles. During rarefaction cycles cavitation occurs, where the negative acoustic pressure is enough large, creating microbubbles, which grow in a short period of time and collapse violently creating local ‘hot spots’ up to 5000 K, pressure up to 20 MPa and fast rates heating/cooling up to 10 10 K/s [45] . Cavitation process weakens the van der Waals forces between the graphene sheets and at the same time, increases the spacing between layers.…”

Polyaromatic cores for the exfoliation of popular 2D materials

“…67 Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, the SITM has only been employed in the exfoliation of graphite, and few examples combine this methodology with the presence of stabilizers. 68,69…”