Ultrasound‐enhanced Green Synthesis of 5,5‐Diphenylhydantoin Derivatives Using Symmetrical or Unsymmetrical Benzils

Abstract

A rapid, highly efficient and mild green synthesis of 5,5-diphenylhydantoin derivatives was achieved from the reaction of symmetrical or unsymmetrical benzil derivatives with urea in the presence of ethanolic KOH under ultrasound irradiation. This simple method affords 5,5-diphenylhydantoin derivatives at room temperature in short reaction time with high yield and purity. This study aimed to overcome the limitations and drawbacks of the reported methods such as tedious work-up, low yield and long reaction time.

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Novel 2-Thiohydantoin Derivatives

“…In addition, the increasing of fungal infections with limited therapeutic treatment, leads to discover novel antifungal drugs via set new approaches to target the chemical matter [4]. Recently, efficient methods for the preparation of thiohydantoin derivatives, other than the conventional multi-step methods were investigated [5,6]. The 2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-ones or 2-thiohydantoins are five-member heterocyclic systems with very reactive nuclei and cyclic thiourea cores [7].…”

An efficient synthesis of imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazins via a one-pot, three-component and solvent-free reaction

“…Aldehydes and 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione were obtained from Merck and were used without further purification. 5,5-diaryl thiohydantoins were prepared by known methods (14,15). Melting points (uncorrected) were measured on an Electrothermal 9100 apparatus.…”

Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Hydantoins: The State of the Art of a Valuable Scaffold

“…Recently, many advances were brought to the original procedure. Indeed, novel conditions were reported, using heterogeneous catalysts , or modern technologies such as microwave irradiation , or ultrasonication. − Solvent-free procedures were also developed and notably one solvent-free route in which a mixture of benzil, urea, and NaOH were ground with a mortar and a pestle . However, this method was found to be not applicable to ball-milling technology, and phenytoin was obtained by the Read procedure using activated trimethylsylilisocyanate (Scheme ).…”