Ultrasound Driven Assembly of Lignin into Microcapsules for Storage and Delivery of Hydrophobic Molecules

Tortora, Mariarosaria; Cavalieri, Francesca; Mosesso, Pasquale; Ciaffardini, Flavia; Melone, Federica; Crestini, Claudia

doi:10.1021/bm500015j

Cited by 226 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…It has been recently discovered that Kraft lignin can be readily used to create microcapsules that according to preliminary studies are non toxic as such. 27 With the aim at elucidating the ability of lignin to generate supramolecular architectures by stacking and/or complex formation, in view of the development of new materials, we investigated the different parameters affecting the release and stability of lignin capsules. Lignin contains significant amounts of phenolic OH groups.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination Complexes and One-Step Assembly of Lignin for Versatile Nanocapsule Engineering

Bartzoka

Lange

Thiel

et al. 2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Nanoencapsulation of active substances with controlled release in harmless matrices has been the subject of numerous scientific efforts mainly due to the significant biomedical potential of such endeavors. Lignin, the environmentally sustainable byproduct of the pulp and paper industry, contains a multitude of phenolic hydroxyl groups, some of which, are known to readily and strongly chelate with iron ions. In this effort we demonstrated that the concerted use of chelation chemistry, oil in water emulsion principles, and low energy sonication, offers a facile, one-pot strategy to assemble lignin nanocapsules (LNCs) of a controlled architecture. Under these conditions capsules are shown to rapidly assemble utilizing two driving forces, the π-stacking propensity of lignin and its metal chelating ability at alkaline pH. Detailed size exclusion chromatographic evidence validates that the formation of capsules is driven mainly by the enumerated physical interactions with no significant chemical modification of the lignin. The developed process was systematically optimized so as to create the foundations for the morphology and the yield of the capsules being modulated as a function of sonication time, power, and surface contact area. Both pure LNCs and Fe-LNCs were synthesized in high yields with size distributions varying from 0.3 to 6 μm and their release efficiencies were evaluated in detail. As anticipated, the complexation effects of the phenolic OH groups offered to the Fe-LNCs, increased stability, reduced shell thickness (allowing for greater loading efficiencies), and lower release kinetics, compared to LNCs.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination Complexes and One-Step Assembly of Lignin for Versatile Nanocapsule Engineering

Bartzoka

Lange

Thiel

et al. 2016

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…These properties make lignin a suitable material for the shells of the hollow nanospheres. For example, it was demonstrated that lignin microcapsules can realize the purpose of drug release and they are not cytotoxic and readily incorporated in the animal cells (Tortora et al 2014). With so many advantages, hollow KL nanospheres are highly attractive materials, with possible applications in the materials industry, agriculture, food, biology, medicine, and life sciences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Preparation of Hollow Nanospheres with Kraft Lignin: A Facile Strategy for Effective Utilization of Biomass Waste

Li¹,

Deng²,

Liang³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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This work discusses the preparation and characterization of hollow nanospheres based on kraft lignin (KL). Kraft lignin is a by-product of the papermaking industry and an abundant renewable resource. It was determined that adding water to a KL/THF solution induced KL to form hollow nanospheres via self-assembly. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the hollow nanosphere morphology. The shell thickness of the hollow nanospheres was tunable by adjusting the initial KL concentration in THF, making the nanospheres a potential material for the encapsulation and controlled release of guest molecules. Ultraviolet (UV) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the π-π stacking of aromatic rings as an important and distinctive mechanism for the formation of hollow KL nanospheres. The nanospheres were obtained simply and inexpensively, and they exhibited the characteristics of biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low toxicity. These advantages make hollow KL nanospheres attractive for applications in nanoscience and nanotechnology. This study developed an economically feasible and facile strategy for the effective use of biomass waste in sustainable chemistry.

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“…It is widely considered to be a hydrophobic molecule, however it has also been shown to have hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and amphiphilic character depending on botanical origin and extraction methods [15,16]. Kraft lignins [17,18], lignosulfonates [18], lignin obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis [19] and lignin microparticles [20,21] have been shown to stabilise o/w emulsions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pickering Particles Prepared from Food Waste

2016

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In this paper, we demonstrate the functionality and functionalisation of waste particles as an emulsifier for oil-in-water (o/w) and water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions. Ground coffee waste was chosen as a candidate waste material due to its naturally high content of lignin, a chemical component imparting emulsifying ability. The waste coffee particles readily stabilised o/w emulsions and following hydrothermal treatment adapted from the bioenergy field they also stabilised w/o emulsions. The hydrothermal treatment relocated the lignin component of the cell walls within the coffee particles onto the particle surface thereby increasing the surface hydrophobicity of the particles as demonstrated by an emulsion assay. Emulsion droplet sizes were comparable to those found in processed foods in the case of hydrophilic waste coffee particles stabilizing o/w emulsions. These emulsions were stable against coalescence for at least 12 weeks, flocculated but stable against coalescence in shear and stable to pasteurisation conditions (10 min at 80 °C). Emulsion droplet size was also insensitive to pH of the aqueous phase during preparation (pH 3–pH 9). Stable against coalescence, the water droplets in w/o emulsions prepared with hydrothermally treated waste coffee particles were considerably larger and microscopic examination showed evidence of arrested coalescence indicative of particle jamming at the surface of the emulsion droplets. Refinement of the hydrothermal treatment and broadening out to other lignin-rich plant or plant based food waste material are promising routes to bring closer the development of commercially relevant lignin based food Pickering particles applicable to emulsion based processed foods ranging from fat continuous spreads and fillings to salad dressings.

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Ultrasound Driven Assembly of Lignin into Microcapsules for Storage and Delivery of Hydrophobic Molecules

Cited by 226 publications

References 47 publications

Coordination Complexes and One-Step Assembly of Lignin for Versatile Nanocapsule Engineering

Coordination Complexes and One-Step Assembly of Lignin for Versatile Nanocapsule Engineering

Direct Preparation of Hollow Nanospheres with Kraft Lignin: A Facile Strategy for Effective Utilization of Biomass Waste

Pickering Particles Prepared from Food Waste

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