Ultrasound diagnosis of serous surface papillary borderline ovarian tumor: A case series with a review of the literature

Abstract

Serous surface papillary borderline ovarian tumors (SSPBOTs) are a rare morphologic variant of serous ovarian tumors that are typically confined to the ovarian surface, while the ovaries themselves tend to appear normal in size and shape. In this report, we describe the findings from five premenopausal women diagnosed with SSPBOTs, in whom ultrasound showed grossly normal ovaries that were partially or wholly covered with irregular solid tumors. In all five cases, histologic examination showed evidence of borderline serous tumors. These findings demonstrate that SSPBOTs can be diagnosed on a preoperative sonographic examination, which could facilitate conservative, fertility-sparing surgery in young women affected by this condition.

Ovarian serous surface papillary borderline tumor: characteristic imaging features with clinicopathological correlation

“…12,13 The important finding that differentiates SSPBTs from other malignant lesions is the presence of normal ovaries, or at least some normal ovarian tissue, completely or partially surrounded by the solid tumor (Figures 1-3). 9,12,13 Thus, awareness of this disease entity is very important in the diagnosis and determination of appropriate treatment options. 9 Prior knowledge of the tumor type and the presence of normal ovaries, or at least some normal ovarian tissue, is also likely to facilitate attempts to conserve the ovaries during surgery.…”

“…9,12,13 Thus, awareness of this disease entity is very important in the diagnosis and determination of appropriate treatment options. 9 Prior knowledge of the tumor type and the presence of normal ovaries, or at least some normal ovarian tissue, is also likely to facilitate attempts to conserve the ovaries during surgery. 9 There are specific merits associated with each imaging modality in the evaluation of SSPBTs (Table 1).…”

“…Only a few imaging studies regarding ovarian serous surface papillary borderline tumors (SSPBTs), a subtype of serous borderline tumors, have been reported. 2,3,[9][10][11][12][13][14] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical, pathological, and imaging features of five ovarian SSPBTs.…”

“…Peritoneal implant or deposit positivity was considered if any nodule or calcification was observed on the surface of the intraperitoneal organ or parietal peritoneum on MRI or CT. 2 Lymph node metastasis positivity was considered if the short axis of the lymph node was > 6 mm on MRI or CT. 2 Ultrasound-specific imaging findings were analyzed in terms of the morphological nature and relationship of the tumor with the normal ovary (tumor encasing or surrounding the normal ovary or not). 9,12,13 Doppler ultrasound findings were also evaluated with regard to intralesional vascularity, with subjective assessment of the presence or absence of intralesional vessels according to the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) color score (1: no blood flow, 2: minimal flow, 3: moderate flow, 4: highly vascular with marked blood flow). 15 CT-or MRI-specific imaging findings were analyzed for the following features: morphological nature, relationship of the tumor with normal ovary (tumor encasing or surrounding the normal ovary or not), and contrast enhancement (present or not).…”

Etiology of Ascites and Pleural Effusion Associated with Ovarian Tumors: Literature Review and Case Reports of Three Ovarian Tumors Presenting with Massive Ascites, but without Peritoneal Dissemination

“…Ludovisi et al reported the ultrasonographic findings that are helpful in diagnosis of serous ovarian tumors and serous surface papillary borderline ovarian tumors. Given these findings, it is possible to perform fertility-sparing surgery in those cases [ 24 ].…”