“…In vitro assays performed by the authors demonstrated the enhanced viability of epithelial cells and neural-like cells in physiological-like conditions. Membranes and films composed of ferroelectric PVDF-TrFE and BT nanostructures have been effectively utilised in a number of studies to enhance osteoblast-like cell differentiation [76][77][78], human neuroblastoma cell stimulation [79], and in vivo bone regeneration [76]. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the observed effects were directly connected to the electrical microenvironment generated by the piezoelectric composites.…”
Section: Barium Titanate (Batio 3 Bt)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The transverse piezoelectric coefficient d 31 was enhanced 1.8-fold by embedding multi-walled BT tubes with an average diameter of 10 nm and lengths of up to a micrometre in the PVDF-TrFE matrix [77], and the addition of 300 nm tetragonal BT NPs resulted in a 4.5-fold increase of the coefficient d 31 [79]. The incorporation of highly crystalline BaTi (1−x) Zr x O 3 (BTZO) nanocubes with dimensions of around 200 nm into PVDF was shown to provide a high electrical output of up to ∼11.9 V and ∼1.35 μA in response to a 21 Hz cyclic stress with a constant load (11 N) [55].…”
“…In vitro assays performed by the authors demonstrated the enhanced viability of epithelial cells and neural-like cells in physiological-like conditions. Membranes and films composed of ferroelectric PVDF-TrFE and BT nanostructures have been effectively utilised in a number of studies to enhance osteoblast-like cell differentiation [76][77][78], human neuroblastoma cell stimulation [79], and in vivo bone regeneration [76]. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the observed effects were directly connected to the electrical microenvironment generated by the piezoelectric composites.…”
Section: Barium Titanate (Batio 3 Bt)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The transverse piezoelectric coefficient d 31 was enhanced 1.8-fold by embedding multi-walled BT tubes with an average diameter of 10 nm and lengths of up to a micrometre in the PVDF-TrFE matrix [77], and the addition of 300 nm tetragonal BT NPs resulted in a 4.5-fold increase of the coefficient d 31 [79]. The incorporation of highly crystalline BaTi (1−x) Zr x O 3 (BTZO) nanocubes with dimensions of around 200 nm into PVDF was shown to provide a high electrical output of up to ∼11.9 V and ∼1.35 μA in response to a 21 Hz cyclic stress with a constant load (11 N) [55].…”
“…It is important to note that methylethylketone (MEK) was used as the solvent in this study as solvents like DMF and DMAc. It was found through simulation that the electrical potentials generated as a consequence of piezoelectric effect were in the range suitable for cellular stimulation[169]. Solvent free routes such as dry powder mixing and compression moulding and addition of bioactive fillers have also been utilized to fabricate piezoelectric scaffolds[177].…”
Electrical stimulation/electrical microenvironment are known effect the process of bone regeneration by altering the cellular response and are crucial in maintaining tissue functionality. Piezoelectric materials, owing to their capability of generating charges/potentials in response to mechanical deformations, have displayed great potential for fabricating smart stimulatory scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. The growing interest of the scientific community and compelling results of the published research articles has been the motivation of this review article. This article summarizes the significant progress in the field with a focus on the fabrication aspects of piezoelectric materials. The review of both material and cellular aspects on this topic ensures that this paper appeals to both material scientists and tissue engineers.
“…На амплитуду также могут оказывать влияние другие физические эффекты (например, электростатические силы, взаимодействие между наконечником и образцом и т.д.) [7,9]. Рассчитанные d33 коэффициенты приведены в таблице 2.…”
Section: рисунок 1 псм изображения топографии амплитуды и фазы обраunclassified
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