Ultrasonography of the Scrotum

Ragheb, Dina; Higgins, Joseph L.

doi:10.7863/jum.2002.21.2.171

Cited by 89 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Ultrasound is now the imaging technique of choice for evaluating scrotal abnormalities [2]. The primary function of ultrasound in the diagnosis of a testicular mass is to distinguish intratesticular from extratesticular location because most extratesticular masses are benign, but intratesticular ones are malignant [1]. Even though ultrasound is extremely sensitive, it does not offer any further information about the nature of the lesion, especially small ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-time tissue elastography for testicular lesion assessment

Goddi¹,

Sacchi²,

Magistretti³

et al. 2011

Eur Radiol

104

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ObjectivesTo assess the ability of Real-time Elastography (RTE) to differentiate malignant from benign testicular lesions.MethodsIn 88 testicles ultrasound identified 144 lesions, which were examined by RTE. Elasticity images of the lesions were assigned the colour-coded score of Itoh (Radiology 2006), according to the distribution of strain induced by light compression. RTE findings were analysed considering shape (nodular/pseudo-nodular), size (<5 mm, 6–10 mm, >11 mm) and score (SC1-5) of the lesions.Results93.7% of all benign lesions showed a complete elastic pattern (SC1). 92.9% of benign nodules <5 mm and 100% of the pseudonodules showed a nearly complete elastic pattern (mainly SC1). 87.5% of malignant nodules showed a stiff pattern (SC4-5). RTE gave 87.5% sensitivity, 98.2% specificity, 93.3% positive predictive value, 96.4% negative predictive value and 95.8% accuracy in differentiating malignant from benign lesions.ConclusionsRTE is a useful technique in assessing small testicular nodules and pseudo-nodules. This is relevant in clinical practice allowing expectant management in RTE selected cases. The role of RTE seems less relevant for larger lesions because most of them are malignant at clinical and ultrasound assessment, limiting RTE to simply confirmation role.Key Points• An emerging role for Elastography in allowing surveillance for small testicular lesions• Elastography can better differentiate benign from malignant testicular lesions• Follow up can be reduced for elastic testicular lesions at Elastography.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the limitations of clinical assessment, ultrasound has so far been considered the gold standard for evaluating scrotal abnormalities [1]. Ultrasound is extremely sensitive in the detection of testicular masses, but does not provide a histological diagnosis [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time tissue elastography for testicular lesion assessment

Goddi¹,

Sacchi²,

Magistretti³

et al. 2011

Eur Radiol

104

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“…Hematomas are also a common finding and may appear as focal thickening of the scrotal wall or as fluid collections [Figure 1A and B] within the scrotal wall. [23] Hematomas appear echogenic on USG when acute and evolve with age [Figure 2A-C]. Extratesticular hematomas [Figure 3A-C] are located in the extratesticular soft tissues other than the scrotal wall, and have an appearance similar to scrotal wall hematoma.…”

Section: Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-resolution USG with Doppler flow evaluation is the investigation of choice for the evaluation of scrotal abnormalities. [2] It is noninvasive and can be used to quickly evaluate scrotal contents, testicular integrity and blood flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonography of scrotal trauma

Rao

Kalyanpur

2012

Indian J Radiol Imaging

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The purpose of this article is to depict the spectrum of scrotal injuries in blunt trauma. Scrotal injuries are not very common and are mostly due to blunt trauma from direct injury, sports injuries or motor vehicle accidents. To minimize complications and ensure testicular salvage, rapid and accurate diagnosis is necessary. High-resolution USG is the investigation of choice, as it is readily available, accurate and has been seen to improve outcomes. An understanding of and familiarity with the sonographic appearance of scrotal injuries on the part of the radiologist/sonographer is therefore of key importance.

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“…Da der Skrotalinhalt der Untersuchung hervorragend zugänglich ist, können auch bei ausgedehnten Häma-tomen sichere Aussagen zur Integrität der Hodenhüllen sowie der Parenchymtextur und -durchblutung gemacht werden [23]. Zeigt die Sonographie eine Unterbrechung der Kontinuität der Tunica albuginea, so muss die Indikation zur skrotalen Hodenfreilegung gestellt werden (.…”

Section: > Obligatorische Diagnostik Ist Die Skrotalsonographie Mit Eunclassified

Externes Genitaltrauma beim Mann

Wille

Loening

2006

Chirurg

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Male genital injury, although rarely life-threatening, demands prompt, appropriate management to prevent long-term sexual and psychological damage. However, because of the rarity and disparity of severe genital injuries, there is still no universal therapeutic strategy. Urethral injury, although rare, may be associated with substantial long-term morbidity such as fistulas and strictures. Injuries to the scrotum and its contents may cause impaired fertility, chronic pain, hypogonadism, and altered self-image. Penile injury may lead to pain, curvature, and erectile dysfunction. This article concentrates on reviewing the major etiologies and mechanisms of urethral and genital injuries in men and summarizes principles and strategies of treatment based on the guidelines of the European Association of Urology.

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Ultrasonography of the Scrotum

Cited by 89 publications

References 20 publications

Real-time tissue elastography for testicular lesion assessment

Real-time tissue elastography for testicular lesion assessment

Sonography of scrotal trauma

Externes Genitaltrauma beim Mann

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