Ultrasonography of the medial iliac lymph nodes in the dog

Llabrés-Díaz, Francisco

doi:10.1111/j.1740-8261.2004.04026.x

Cited by 71 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Ultrasonography provides information regarding lymph node size and location, but intrapelvic lymph nodes may be difficult to image because of obstruction by the pelvis. In a previous study, 21 advanced imaging techniques provided a viable tool for monitoring progression and recurrence of disease. In that study, 21 significantly more lymph nodes were found in dogs with lymphosarcoma or ASAC than in control dogs or dogs with lymphosarcoma in remission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical excision of anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinomas with and without adjunctive chemotherapy in dogs: 42 cases (2005–2011)

Potanas¹,

Padgett²,

Gamblin³

2015

javma

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Objective-To identify variables associated with prognosis in dogs undergoing surgical excision of anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinomas (ASACs) with and without adjunctive chemotherapy. Design-Retrospective case series. Animals-42 dogs with ASACs. Procedures-Information on signalment, clinical signs, diagnostic procedures, surgical procedures, adjunctive therapies, survival time, and disease-free interval was obtained from the medical records. Results-Survival time was significantly associated with the presence of sublumbar lymphadenopathy and sublumbar lymph node extirpation, with median survival time significantly shorter for dogs with sublumbar lymphadenopathy (hazard ratio, 2.31) than for those without and for dogs that underwent lymph node extirpation (hazard ratio, 2.31) than for those that did not. Disease-free interval was significantly associated with the presence of sublumbar lymphadenopathy, lymph node extirpation, and administration of platinum-containing chemotherapeutic agents, with median disease-free interval significantly shorter for dogs with sublumbar lymphadenopathy (hazard ratio, 2.47) than for those without, for dogs that underwent lymph node extirpation (hazard ratio, 2.47) than for those that did not, and for dogs that received platinum-containing chemotherapeutic agents (hazard ratio, 2.69) than for those that did not. Survival time and disease-free interval did not differ among groups when dogs were grouped on the basis of histopathologic margins (complete vs marginal vs incomplete excision). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results suggested that in dogs with ASAC undergoing surgical excision, the presence of sublumbar lymphadenopathy and lymph node extirpation were both negative prognostic factors. However, completeness of surgical excision was not associated with survival time or disease-free interval.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical excision of anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinomas with and without adjunctive chemotherapy in dogs: 42 cases (2005–2011)

Potanas¹,

Padgett²,

Gamblin³

2015

javma

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“…3,4 Sublumbar lymph nodes with heterogeneous echogenicity have been shown to be useful in identifying malignant lymph nodes. 5 The presence of hydronephrosis and hydroureter is explained by obstruction of the ureteral papilla by the mass in the trigone. Based only on the cytologic evidence of carcinoma, a tumor arising from the urinary bladder extending to the prostate gland could be another differential diagnosis; however, mineralization of an enlarged prostate gland in the neutered male dog of the present report, along with sublumbar lymphadenopathy, osteoproliferative and osteolytic lesions in the lumbar vertebrae and pelvis, and soft tissue pulmonary nodules, made the diagnosis of metastatic prostatic neoplasia more likely.…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is Your Diagnosis?

Reetz¹,

Crochik²,

McKeirnan³

et al. 2013

javma

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HistoryAn 8-year-old neutered male Dachshund was evaluated at the Boren Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital with a history of stranguria, pollakiuria, and incontinence for 3 weeks and signs of back pain and slowly progressive paraparesis for 2 weeks. The dog had been treated for cystitis and suspected prostatitis by the referring veterinarian, with a 1-week course of antimicrobials and meloxicam. The urinary incontinence persisted after treatment, but there was mild improvement in the stranguria and pollakiuria and a subjective decrease in the size of the prostate gland. Approximately 2 years earlier, a T12-T13 hemilaminectomy had been performed for treatment of Hansen type 1 intervertebral disk herniation. The signs of back pain and progressive paraparesis were believed to be the result of an episode of intervertebral disk disease, and cage confinement was initiated. Three days prior to referral, administration of meloxicam was discontinued, and treatment with tramadol and prednisone was initiated. The owner reported that the dog had been dribbling urine, was only able to urinate and defecate small amounts at a time, had begun trying to bite when picked up, and was weak in the pelvic limbs.Physical examination revealed severe signs of pain in the lumbar vertebral area and caudal aspect of the abdomen, an asymmetrically enlarged and painful prostate gland, pelvic limb paraparesis, conscious proprioceptive deficits in the pelvic limbs, and pelvic limb hyperreflexia. Anal tone and perineal reflexes were normal; the urinary bladder was distended, and urine was difficult to express. Abdominal radiography was performed to evaluate the prostate gland (Figure 1).Determine whether additional imaging studies are required, or make your diagnosis from Figure 1-then turn the page → Figure 1-Lateral (A) and ventrodorsal (B) radiographic views of the abdomen of an 8-year-old neutered male Dachshund evaluated because of a 3-week history of stranguria, pollakiuria, and signs of pain on palpation over the lumbar vertebral area (L3-L4 region).

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“…Many different ultrasonographic features have been studied to differentiate benign from malignant lymph nodes. Malignancy has been significantly associated with an increased number of detectable lymph nodes and a rounded shape (Llabrés-Díaz 2004), with heterogeneity (Llabrés-Díaz 2004, Kinns and Mai 2007), with a maximal short and long axis ratio (De Swarte and others 2011), with a combination of irregular and hyperechoic perinodal fat (De Swarte and others 2011), with an altered vascularisation pattern (Nyman and others 2005, Salwei and others 2005) and with high values of pulsatility and resistivity index (Nyman and others 2005, Prieto and others 2009). …”

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confidence: 99%

“…Cystic sublumbar lymph node metastases in a dog with anal sac adenocarcinoma have also been reported (Hoelzler and others 2001). In a previous veterinary study, internal anechoic areas were described in 4/61 medial iliac lymph nodes of healthy and diseased dogs, but information about distal acoustic enhancement or histological results was not available (Llabrés-Díaz 2004). Another study focused on the association between lymph nodal heterogeneity and malignancy, but lymph nodes referred to as ‘cavitated’, ‘cystic’, ‘heterogeneous’ and ‘nodular’ were included without differentiating the variable echo pattern of heterogeneity (Kinns and Mai 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, location and concurrent diseases of ultrasonographic cyst‐like lesions of abdominal lymph nodes in dogs

Liotta

Billen

Heimann³

et al. 2017

Veterinary Record

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Lymph nodal cyst-like lesions are occasionally identified during abdominal ultrasound in dogs. However, a study evaluating their prevalence and clinical significance is lacking. The aim of this observational cross-sectional study was to evaluate prevalence, most common location and concurrent diseases of cyst-like lymph nodes detected during abdominal ultrasound. Affected lymph nodes, patient signalment and concurrent diseases of dogs with cyst-like lymph nodal lesions having undergone abdominal ultrasound over a one-year period were recorded. Twenty-three affected lymph nodes were observed in 17/553 dogs (prevalence=3 per cent). The most commonly affected was the lumbar lymphocenter (7/23), followed by the coeliac (6/23), the cranial mesenteric (5/23) and the iliosacral (5/23). Twenty-three concurrent diseases were diagnosed in 17 dogs, among which 16/23 were non-neoplastic (70 per cent). The most common concurrent disease was renal insufficiency (8/23), followed by neoplasia (7/23), gastroenteropathy (3/23), benign prostatic disease (2/23), pancreatitis (1/23), peritonitis (1/23) and neurological disease (1/23). No statistical correlation existed between cyst-like lymph nodal lesion and a specific neoplastic or non-neoplastic disease. In conclusion, in the present study, cyst-like lymph nodal lesions have a low prevalence, involve different lymphocenters and were found in dogs affected by different diseases, including both non-neoplastic and neoplastic aetiologies.

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Ultrasonography of the medial iliac lymph nodes in the dog

Cited by 71 publications

References 31 publications

Surgical excision of anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinomas with and without adjunctive chemotherapy in dogs: 42 cases (2005–2011)

Surgical excision of anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinomas with and without adjunctive chemotherapy in dogs: 42 cases (2005–2011)

What Is Your Diagnosis?

Prevalence, location and concurrent diseases of ultrasonographic cyst‐like lesions of abdominal lymph nodes in dogs

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