Ultrasonographic predictors in chronic kidney disease: A hospital based case control study

Abstract

Background: Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is increasing globally with the concomitant upsurge in diabetes mellitus and hypertension. We explored the research question whether Ultrasonographic (US) renal parameters are potential predictors of CKD?Materials and methods: A case control study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital that included 50 confirmed cases of CKD and 100 nondiseased controls. Renal length, renal parenchymal thickness, and renal cortical thickness were measured in both cases and controls by ultrasound examination. Corticomedullary differentiation and renal cortical echogenicity were also assessed.Results: US parameters of renal length, renal parenchymal thickness, and renal cortical thickness were found to be significantly and strongly associated with the presence of CKD. The strongest association was observed with renal cortical echogenicity (OR 27.33,). The association of reduced renal cortical thickness (OR 6.14, 95% CI 1.59-23.62), and renal length (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.13-8.26) were independent and significant predictors of presence of CKD.Conclusions: Specific US parameters of renal cortical echogenicity, cortical thickness, and length of kidney have a strong potential for independently establishing the diagnosis and evaluation of progression of CKD.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Nurse-Led “Outpatient-Ward-Home” Management Model in Chronic Kidney Patients

“…It has been shown that a CKD management team combined with integrated community management can effectively improve renal function, delay disease progression and improve the quality of life in patients with CKD [7,8]. Several studies [9][10][11] have shown that integrated outpatientward-family management improves fear, depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances in patients with mild cognitive impairment, hypertension, and stroke.…”

Sonographic Association of Renal Parenchymal Disease Grading With Age and Kidney Dimensions: A Cross Sectional Study

“…These details aid in determining the extent of renal parenchymal injury and its reversibility (7), as well as the decision to undertake a renal biopsy (8). An aberrant sonographic finding was found in 67% of CKD cases, according to one inves ga on (9). Renal parenchymal disease refers to a group of disorders affec ng the renal cortex and medulla.…”