Ultrasonographic features associated with the lumbosacral or lumbar 5–6 symphyses in 64 horses with lumbosacral‐sacroiliac joint region pain (2012–2018)

Boado, A.; Nagy, Ádám; Dyson, Sue

doi:10.1111/eve.13236

Cited by 20 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The test performed by the riders was purpose-designed to include 10 m diameter circles because it has previously been observed that this movement can influence both lameness and behaviour [ 6 ]. This study also reinforces the importance of evaluating the quality of canter, which may be compromised especially in association with hindlimb lameness or sacroiliac joint region pain [ 17 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Although gait abnormalities in canter were not significant in the final model, it does not mean that such abnormalities are not of biological significance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Throughout the test the gait was assessed subjectively by an experienced lameness diagnostician, used to evaluating ridden horses. The presence of forelimb lameness, hindlimb lameness or lack of hindlimb impulsion and engagement, or an abnormal canter (a stiff and stilted canter, close spatial and/or temporal placement of the hindlimbs, a canter which lacked a suspension phase [ 15 , 16 ], or exaggerated lifting of the forehand during canter, associated with abnormally wide spatial separation of the hindlimbs [ 17 ]) was recorded. Lameness was graded on a 0–8 scale [ 14 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of a Ridden Horse Pain Ethogram and Its Relationship with Gait in a Convenience Sample of 60 Riding Horses

Dyson¹,

Pollard

2020

Animals

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A Ridden Horse Pain Ethogram (RHpE) comprising 24 behaviours has been developed to facilitate the identification of musculoskeletal pain. The aim was to further test the RHpE by its application to a convenience sample (n = 60) of sports horses and riding school horses in regular work and assumed by their owners to be working comfortably. All horses performed a purpose-designed dressage-type test of 8.5 min duration in walk, trot and canter, with their normal rider. The RHpE was applied retrospectively to video recordings acquired in a standardised fashion. Seventy-three percent of horses were lame (≤ grade 2/8) on one or more limbs; 47% had gait abnormalities in canter. Ridden Horse Pain Ethogram scores ranged from 3 to 16/24 (median 9); rider skill score ranged from 2.5 to 8/10 (median 4.75). The effect of horse age, breed, sex, work-discipline, epaxial muscle hypertonicity or pain, an ill-fitting saddle, rider skill score, the presence of lameness or gait abnormalities in canter on the RHpE score was assessed using Poisson regression. Two variables were retained in the final multivariable analysis, rider skill score as a continuous variable (p < 0.001), and lameness (p = 0.008). A RHpE score ≥8 was a good indicator of the presence of musculoskeletal pain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a Ridden Horse Pain Ethogram and Its Relationship with Gait in a Convenience Sample of 60 Riding Horses

Dyson¹,

Pollard

2020

Animals

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“…Lumbosacroiliac pain in horses is a common cause of poor performance and lack of power in the hindlimbs (Jeffcott et al 1985;Denoix 1998;Dyson 2010;Peters 2012;Barstow and Dyson 2015;Boado et al 2020). As in humans (Dansie and Turk 2013) objective assessment of low back and pelvic pain, and clear identification of its cause(s) are not easy in horses Denoix and Dyson 2010;Dyson 2010;Haussler 2010;Denoix 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the use of transrectal ultrasonography for evaluation of the caudal lumbar – including lumbosacral – intervertebral discs and symphyses: Normal and abnormal ultrasonographic appearance

Vautravers

Coudry

Denoix

2020

Equine Veterinary Education

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Transrectal ultrasonography of the lumbosacroiliac area is routinely performed for the diagnosis of the cause of low back pain and poor hindlimb impulsion and engagement. The ventral aspect of the caudal lumbar intervertebral discs and vertebrae can be easily assessed transrectally with ultrasound while other imaging modalities have limitations for diagnosis of intervertebral disc injuries. This paper is a review of the ultrasonographic procedure for imaging the ventral aspect of the caudal lumbar and lumbosacral symphyses, especially the intervertebral discs. Normal images, findings and lesions of the three caudalmost lumbar intervertebral discs are described (between the 4th lumbar and the 1st sacral vertebrae).

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“…Intervertebral disc disease could be an incidental finding since it has been observed in clinically normal horses 24,25 . However, in some cases it could be clinically relevant as a cause of nerve root pain, extradural compressive myelopathy, and more uncommonly fibrocartilaginous embolism, or both 17,24,26,27 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24,25 However, in some cases it could be clinically relevant as a cause of nerve root pain, extradural compressive myelopathy, and more uncommonly fibrocartilaginous embolism, or both. 17,24,26,27 Characterization of pelvic fractures is essential for determination of prognosis. 28 Ultrasonographic evaluation of the pelvis includes the coxofemoral joints, sacroiliac joints, and pubic symphysis and can be performed SC and transrectally in the standing horse.…”

Section: Definitive Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sidewinder gait in horses

Aleman

Berryhill

Woolard

et al. 2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Sidewinder gait in horses is poorly understood and characterized by walking with the trunk and pelvic limbs drifting to 1 side. Hypothesis/objectives: To report causes, clinical and diagnostic features. Animals: Horses examined at 2 institutions. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study (2000-2019). Cases with sidewinder gait, neurological and orthopedic examination, and diagnostic work up or postmortem evaluation were included. Descriptive statistics were performed. Results: Twenty-four horses (mean age 18.9 years) of various breeds and both sexes were included. Onset was acute (N = 10), subacute (N = 6), and insidious (N = 8). Electromyography and muscle biopsy supported neurologic disease and further aided in localizing site of lesion (N = 9/9). Neurologic causes included dynamic thoracolumbar spinal cord compression (N = 5), equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (N = 4, confirmed and presumed [2 each]), thoracic myelopathy of unknown etiology (N = 4), gliosis (N = 2), and thrombosis of thoracic spinal cord segments (N = 1). Nonneurologic causes included osteoarthritis of the coxofemoral joint (N = 4), multiple displaced pelvic fractures (N = 2), bilateral rupture of the ligamentum capitis ossis femoris (N = 1), and severe myonecrosis of multiple pelvic limb muscles (N = 1). Case fatality was 79%. Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Sidewinder gait is usually observed in older horses and can have neurologic or musculoskeletal etiologies. Electromyography can be used as a diagnostic aid to determine neurologic versus non-neurologic disease and further localize those of neurologic origin. The condition often has a poor prognosis for function and life.

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Ultrasonographic features associated with the lumbosacral or lumbar 5–6 symphyses in 64 horses with lumbosacral‐sacroiliac joint region pain (2012–2018)

Abstract: 23.1%) had congenital fusion of either joint. Limitations include the lack of age-matched control horses. However, the purpose of the study was to raise awareness of lesions of the L5-6 and lumbosacral symphyses, which may contribute to pain and poor performance.

Cited by 20 publications

References 35 publications

Application of a Ridden Horse Pain Ethogram and Its Relationship with Gait in a Convenience Sample of 60 Riding Horses

Application of a Ridden Horse Pain Ethogram and Its Relationship with Gait in a Convenience Sample of 60 Riding Horses

Review of the use of transrectal ultrasonography for evaluation of the caudal lumbar – including lumbosacral – intervertebral discs and symphyses: Normal and abnormal ultrasonographic appearance

Sidewinder gait in horses

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