Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Kidney in 5/6 Nephrectomized Rats: Correlation with Biochemical and Histopathological Findings

Nogueira, António; Faustino-Rocha, Ana I.; Ginja, Mário; Oliveira, Paula A.; Pires, Maria dos Anjos

doi:10.21873/invivo.11001

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Previous studies also recorded about 50% decrease in creatinine clearance in rats and mice after four weeks from 5/6 nephrectomy (Fujihara et al 2007;Sun et al 2011). Furthermore, bipolar focal cortical and medullary hyperechogenicity of the right kidney was observed in ultrasonography which is probably due to renal fibrosis (Nogueira et al 2016). This was also confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry of α-SMA in which moderate glomerular hypertrophy with interstitial fibrosis was observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Development of Canine Chronic Kidney Disease Model: A Pilot Study

2021

Int J Vet Sci

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem with a poor prognosis. The exploration of possible medical intervention requires the presence of a suitable animal model. This work aims to induce a model of canine CKD with persistent uremia. Three dogs were used to develop canine CKD models with different techniques based on the remnant kidney model. Model (1) was subjected to excision of one renal pole of the right kidney. Model (2) was subjected to the excision of two renal poles of the right kidney. Model (3) underwent ligation of two renal arterial branches of the right kidney. A contralateral nephrectomy was performed in the three models after two weeks from the first operation. Blood and 24-hour urine samples were collected weekly to determine renal function parameters. Histopathology, Immunohistochemistry of α-SMA expression, and quantitative real-time PCR for Kim-1 & NGAL gene expression were performed on kidney tissues. According to the IRIS staging system in dogs, model (1) represented stage one of CKD with less expression of genes and α-SMA in the interstitial tissue. Model (2) represented stage three of CKD with moderate expression of genes and α-SMA and moderate glomerulointerstitial nephritis. Model (3) suffered from severe uremia. It showed the highest expression of genes and α-SMA with severe glomerulointerstitial nephritis and infarction. Therefore, model (2) was considered the best technique for developing a model of canine CKD with persistent uremia. The dog in this model became uremic and remained stable for a long time which would allow experimental manipulation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Development of Canine Chronic Kidney Disease Model: A Pilot Study

2021

Int J Vet Sci

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“…In fact, we have previous observed that the cortical and medullary echogenicity is a good marker of fibrosis in the 5/6 RMR model [24]. In this study, the kidneys of RMR animals treated with CAA showed a decrease in the cortical and medullary echogenicity compared with RMR rats that received no treatment; however, the difference was only statistically significant for medullary echogenicity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

“…Six months after the surgical procedure, in the left kidney of each animal was evaluated the mean cortical and medullary echogenicity by ultrasonography using twodimensional ultrasonography (B mode) as reported previously by Nogueira et al [24] ( Figure 1). …”

Section: Ultrasonographic Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term treatment with chaethomellic acid A reduces glomerulosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis in a rat model of chronic kidney disease

Nogueira

Vala

Nóbrega

et al. 2017

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

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The high prevalence of end-stage renal disease emphasizes the failure to provide therapies to effectively prevent and/or reverse renal fibrosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of long-term treatment with chaethomellic acid A (CAA), which selectively blocks Ha-Ras farnesylation, on renal mass reduction-induced renal fibrosis. Male Wistar rats were sham-operated (SO) or subjected to 5/6 renal mass reduction (RMR). One week after surgery, rats were placed in four experimental groups: SO: SO rats without treatment (n=13); SO+CAA: SO rats treated with CAA (n=13); RMR: RMR rats without treatment (n=14); and RMR+CAA: RMR rats treated with 2 CAA (n=13). CAA was intraperitoneally administered in a dose of 0.23 µg/Kg three times a week for six months. Renal fibrosis was evaluated by two-dimensional ultrasonography and histopathological analysis. The kidneys of the RMR animals treated with CAA showed a significantly decrease in the medullary echogenicity (p<0.05) compared with the RMR rats that received no treatment. Glomerulosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis scores were significantly lower (p<0.001) in the RMR+CAA group when compared with the RMR group. There were no significant differences in interstitial fibrosis, interstitial inflammation and tubular dilatation scores between the RMR+CAA and RMR groups. These data suggest that CAA can be a potential future drug to attenuate the progression of chronic kidney disease.

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“…1). The cortex thickness, which ranges from 1.5 mm to 3 mm in rodents, was defined as the distance from the renal surface (capsule) to the base of the medullar pyramid (Andersen et al, 2020;Missbach-Guentner et al, 2018;Nogueira et al, 2016).The FITC-albumin perfusion coupled with image threshold application also helped to visualise the cortical vessels and medullary rays in order to define the corticomedullary boundary. The mean FITC-albumin signal intensity was measured for each ROI using ImageJ.…”

Section: Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pericyte-mediated constriction of renal capillaries evokes no-reflow and kidney injury following ischaemia

Freitas

Attwell

2022

eLife

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Acute kidney injury is common, with ~13 million cases and 1.7 million deaths/year worldwide. A major cause is renal ischaemia, typically following cardiac surgery, renal transplant or severe hemorrhage. We examined the cause of the sustained reduction in renal blood flow ('no-reflow'), which exacerbates kidney injury even after an initial cause of compromised blood supply is removed. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, or NG2-dsRed male mice were used in this study. After 60 min kidney ischaemia and 30-60 min reperfusion, renal blood flow remained reduced, especially in the medulla, and kidney tubule damage was detected as Kim-1 expression. Constriction of the medullary descending vasa recta and cortical peritubular capillaries occurred near pericyte somata, and led to capillary blockages, yet glomerular arterioles and perfusion were unaffected, implying that the long-lasting decrease of renal blood flow contributing to kidney damage was generated by pericytes. Blocking Rho kinase to decrease pericyte contractility from the start of reperfusion increased the post-ischaemic diameter of the descending vasa recta capillaries at pericytes, reduced the percentage of capillaries that remained blocked, increased medullary blood flow and reduced kidney injury. Thus, post-ischaemic renal no-reflow, contributing to acute kidney injury, reflects pericytes constricting the descending vasa recta and peritubular capillaries. Pericytes are therefore an important therapeutic target for treating acute kidney injury.

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Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Kidney in 5/6 Nephrectomized Rats: Correlation with Biochemical and Histopathological Findings

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Development of Canine Chronic Kidney Disease Model: A Pilot Study

Development of Canine Chronic Kidney Disease Model: A Pilot Study

Long-term treatment with chaethomellic acid A reduces glomerulosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis in a rat model of chronic kidney disease

Pericyte-mediated constriction of renal capillaries evokes no-reflow and kidney injury following ischaemia

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