Ultrasonographic appearance of the conceptus, fetal heart rate and profiles of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG) and prostaglandin F2α-metabolite (PGF2α-metabolite) after induction of fetal death with aglepristone during early gestation in cattle

Breukelman, S. P.; Szenci, O.; Beckers, J.F.; Kindahl, H.; Mulder, E.J.H.; Jonker, Frederik H.W.; Weijden, Bert Van Der; Revy, D.; Pogany, Károly; Sulon, J.; Némedi, István; Taverne, M.A.M.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.12.016

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The unusually high PAG concentrations observed in some non-pregnant animals during the field trial may be explained either by residual PAG in cows inseminated less than 50 days postpartum (Zoli et al 1992;Sousa et al 2003) or by cows that had conceived but early embryonic death had occurred (Breukelman et al 2005). In high-yielding dairy cows, early insemination is rather uncommon as they tend to have prolonged postpartum service periods (Dobson et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishment of an ELISA for Measuring Bovine Pregnancy‐Associated Glycoprotein in Serum or Milk and Its Application for Early Pregnancy Detection

Friedrich

Holtz

2010

Reprod Domestic Animals

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It has been shown in several mammalian species that during pregnancy, trophoblast cells express a range of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG). The presence of PAG in the maternal serum of cows may serve as an indicator of pregnancy from day 28 after AI onward. The present study addresses (1) conversion of an existing PAG-RIA to a competitive double antibody ELISA using a polyclonal anti-bPAG-IgG and an anti-rabbit-IgG raised in sheep for coating and (2) application of newly established ELISA to test its suitability for pregnancy detection by measuring PAG in serum or milk. The intraassay coefficients of variation (CV) for the PAG-ELISA were 2-14% for serum and 10-12% for milk; the corresponding interassay CVs were 8-22% and 12-22%, respectively. Pregnancy-associated glycoprotein profiles established in milk and serum of 12 pregnant cows showed a characteristic pattern with measurable amounts from approximately day 20 onwards in serum and from day 60 onwards in milk. In a field trial, serum PAG was determined in 397 cows sampled between 20 and 50 days after insemination. The outcome was that, pregnancy could reliably be diagnosed from day 28 onwards in serum and from day 150 onwards in milk. In conclusion, it may be stated that the established ELISA provides an efficient and reliable means of pregnancy diagnosis that will, in our judgement, gain in popularity with cattle breeding. The ELISA proved to be an adequate and efficient way of measuring PAG in maternal serum or milk and will be a useful means of pregnancy detection in cows.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1992; Sousa et al. 2003) or by cows that had conceived but early embryonic death had occurred (Breukelman et al. 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of an ELISA for Measuring Bovine Pregnancy‐Associated Glycoprotein in Serum or Milk and Its Application for Early Pregnancy Detection

Friedrich

Holtz

2010

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…Luteolysis may result from a direct effect on luteal PGRs (Rekawiecki et al 2008) or an indirect one by stimulating the synthesis of luteolytic prostaglandins. To allow for this effect of an antiprogestin treatment, the endocrine environment of late gestation seems to be a prerequisite, as Ap when administered to early pregnant cows using the same dosages led to a significant increase in P 4 levels during the observational period of 7 days after the start of treatment (Breukelman et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This procedure was repeated 24 h later, using the contralateral thoracic wall. The abortifacient efficiency of this dosage regime has been previously shown in early pregnant heifers (Breukelman et al 2005). After the first Ap injection, the animals were visually controlled in 2 h intervals for signs of impending parturition, completed by vaginoscopy or manual exploration to confirm the onset of active labor.…”

Section: Animals Treatments and Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Use of the progesterone (P4) receptor antagonist aglepristone to characterize the role of P4 withdrawal for parturition and placental release in cows

Shenavai¹,

Hoffmann²,

Dilly³

et al. 2010

Reproduction

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In late pregnant cows, progesterone (P 4 ) is mainly of luteal origin. However, the trophoblast may provide high local P 4 concentrations in the uterus. To test for the importance of a complete P 4 withdrawal for parturition-related processes and placental release, the P 4 receptor (PGR) blocker aglepristone (Ap) was administered to three cows on days 270 and 271 of pregnancy. A complete opening of the cervix was observed 46.5G7.3 h after the start of treatment. However, expulsion of the calves was impaired obviously because of insufficient myometrial activity, and placental membranes were retained for at least 10 days. Measurement of P 4 concentrations indicated that PGR blockage induced luteolysis. To investigate the role of P 4 withdrawal for the prepartal tissue remodeling of the placentomes, the caruncular epithelium was evaluated by morphometry, and the percentage of trophoblast giant cells (TGCs) relative to the total number of trophoblast cells were assessed. Caruncular epithelium in Ap-treated cows (D272CAp) was immature (30.5G3.3%) and not different from untreated controls (elected cesarean section (CS) on day 272; D272-CS; 31.5G1.4%), whereas it was significantly reduced at normal term (D280.5G1.3; 21.0G6.1%; PZ0.011). Correspondingly, the percentage of TGCs were 20.1G1.4 in D272CAp, 22.1G4.8 in D272-CS, and 9.8G3.9 at term (PZ0.001). No effect was detected on placental estrogen synthesis. The results showed that in late pregnant cows, P 4 withdrawal only induces a limited spectrum of the processes related to normal parturition and is not a crucial factor for the prepartal tissue remodeling in placentomes and the timely release of the placenta.

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“…The obvious relationship between changes in PAG secretion and EM/FM raises the question of whether a decrease in PAGs is only an indicator of placental/fetal dysfunction leading to EM/FM or whether the decrease itself causes EM/FM. The former hypothesis has been suggested by Breukelman et al (2005), while the latter has been indicated by several studies of the physiological functions of PAGs. PAGs may exert a luteotropic effect by increasing prostaglandin E synthesis (Bridges et al, 1999;Del Vecchio et al, 1995;Weems et al, 2003Weems et al, , 2001Weems et al, , 1998.…”

Section: Combination Of Tru and Pag-elisa For Prediction/ Diagnosis Omentioning

confidence: 95%

Identification of embryonic/fetal mortality in cows by semiquantitative detection of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins

et al. 2015

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Ultrasonographic appearance of the conceptus, fetal heart rate and profiles of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG) and prostaglandin F2α-metabolite (PGF2α-metabolite) after induction of fetal death with aglepristone during early gestation in cattle

Cited by 24 publications

References 60 publications

Establishment of an ELISA for Measuring Bovine Pregnancy‐Associated Glycoprotein in Serum or Milk and Its Application for Early Pregnancy Detection

Establishment of an ELISA for Measuring Bovine Pregnancy‐Associated Glycoprotein in Serum or Milk and Its Application for Early Pregnancy Detection

Use of the progesterone (P4) receptor antagonist aglepristone to characterize the role of P4 withdrawal for parturition and placental release in cows

Identification of embryonic/fetal mortality in cows by semiquantitative detection of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins

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