Ultrasonographic and Radiographic Assessment of Uncomplicated Secondary Fracture Healing of Long Bones in Dogs and Cats

Risselada, Marije; Kramer, Martin; Rooster, H. de; Taeymans, Olivier; Verleyen, Pieter; Bree, Henri van

doi:10.1111/j.1532-950x.2005.00017.x

Cited by 33 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Furthermore, in the dogs that underwent MIPO with long plates, fewer screws and long plate working lengths were used. 36 Studies 20,21 have been conducted to establish whether ultrasonographic examination of fracture sites could provide earlier indication of fracture healing, compared with radiographic examination, in dogs. 34,35 The larger fracture gap in dogs that underwent MIPO would have further contributed to secondary bone healing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of fracture healing after minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis or open reduction and internal fixation of coexisting radius and ulna fractures in dogs via ultrasonography and radiography

Pozzi¹,

Risselada²,

Winter³

2012

javma

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of fracture healing after minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis or open reduction and internal fixation of coexisting radius and ulna fractures in dogs via ultrasonography and radiography

Pozzi¹,

Risselada²,

Winter³

2012

javma

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“…Diagnostic imaging techniques are currently used to evaluate bone healing, particularly radiography but also ultrasonography [18]. A disadvantage of ultrasonography is that the examination is considered operator-dependent; in fracture cases, the area to be examined is relatively complex and large, and the investigation is demanding on the examiner's ability [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary study on the effect of parenteral naloxone, alone and in association with calcium gluconate, on bone healing in an ovine "drill hole" model system

Petrizzi

Mariscoli

Valbonetti

et al. 2007

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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BackgroundSeveral diseases affect bone healing and physiology. Many drugs that are commonly used in orthopaedics as "analgesics" or anti-inflammatory agents impair bone healing. Stressful conditions are associated with decreased serum osteocalcin concentration. High endorphin levels alter calcium metabolism, blocking the membrane channels by which calcium normally enters cells. The consequent decrease of intracellular calcium impairs the activities of calcium-related enzymes. Naloxone is a pure opioid antagonist. Morphine-induced osteocalcin inhibition was abolished when osteoblasts were incubated with naloxone. Naloxone restored the altered cellular and tissue physiology by removing β-endorphins from specific receptors. However, this is only possible if the circulating Ca concentration is adequate. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of parenteral naloxone administration in inducing fast mineralization and callus remodelling in a group of sheep with a standardised bone lesion.MethodsTwenty ewes were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups. Group A acted as control, group B received a solution of calcium gluconate, group C a solution of naloxone, and group D a solution of calcium gluconate and naloxone. A transverse hole was drilled in the left metacarpus, including both cortices, then parenteral treatment was administered intramuscularly, daily for four weeks. Healing was evaluated by weekly radiographic examination for eight weeks. For quantitative evaluation, the ratio of the radiographic bone density between the drill area and the adjacent cortical bone was calculated. After eight weeks the sheep were slaughtered and a sample of bone was collected for histopathologyResultsGroup D showed a higher radiographic ratio than the other groups. Sheep not treated with naloxone showed a persistently lower ratio in the lateral than the medial cortex (P < 0.01). Histopathology of bone samples showed more caverns and fewer osteoblasts in group D than in the other groups (P ≤ 0.001).ConclusionA low-dose parenteral regimen of naloxone enhances mineralization and remodelling of the callus in healing cortical defects in sheep, especially if associated with calcium gluconate.

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“…Callus formation was also assessed using B-mode ultrasonography and graded on a 0–4 scale (0 = absent, 1 = minimal, 2 = moderate, 3 = remodeled, 4 = healed) using methodology that has previously been validated for use in dogs when assessing fracture healing. [20–22] Power Doppler ultrasonography was used to evaluate healing using a 0–3 scale, based upon the color and vascular density (area in mm 2 ) as has been previously described for assessing canine fracture healing (Fig 5; Table 1). [23]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of platelet-rich plasma on osseous healing in dogs undergoing high tibial osteotomy

2017

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ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether platelet-rich plasma (PRP) enhances osseous healing in conjunction with a high tibial osteotomy in dogs.Study designRandomized controlled trial.MethodsSixty-four client-owned pet dogs with naturally occurring rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament and that were to be treated with a high tibial osteotomy (tibial plateau leveling osteotomy) were randomized into the treatment or control group. Dogs in the treatment group received autologous platelet-rich plasma activated with calcium chloride and bovine thrombin to produce a well-formed PRP gel that was placed into the osteotomy at the time of surgery. Dogs in the control group received saline lavage of the osteotomy. All dogs had the osteotomy stabilized with identical titanium alloy implants and all aspects of the surgical procedure and post-operative care were identical among dogs of the two groups. Bone healing was assessed at exactly 28, 49, and 70 days after surgery with radiography and ultrasonography and with MRI at day 28. The effect of PRP on bone healing was assessed using a repeated measures analysis of covariance with radiographic and ultrasonographic data and using a t-test with the MRI data.ResultsSixty dogs completed the study. There were no significant differences in age, weight, or gender distribution between the treatment and control groups. Twenty-seven dogs were treated with PRP and 33 were in the control group. The average platelet concentration of the PRP was 1.37x106 platelets/μL (±489x103) with a leukocyte concentration of 5.45x103/μL (±3.5x103). All dogs demonstrated progressive healing over time and achieved clinically successful outcomes. Time since surgery and patient age were significant predictors of radiographic healing and time since surgery was a significant predictor of ultrasonographic assessment of healing. There was no significant effect of PRP treatment as assessed radiographically, ultrasonographically, or with MRI.ConclusionThe PRP used in this study did not hasten osseous union in dogs treated with a high tibial osteotomy.

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Ultrasonographic and Radiographic Assessment of Uncomplicated Secondary Fracture Healing of Long Bones in Dogs and Cats

Abstract: Earlier diagnosis of a healed fracture by US can prevent unnecessarily long limb immobilization and allow earlier dynamization.

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

Assessment of fracture healing after minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis or open reduction and internal fixation of coexisting radius and ulna fractures in dogs via ultrasonography and radiography

Assessment of fracture healing after minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis or open reduction and internal fixation of coexisting radius and ulna fractures in dogs via ultrasonography and radiography

Preliminary study on the effect of parenteral naloxone, alone and in association with calcium gluconate, on bone healing in an ovine "drill hole" model system

The effect of platelet-rich plasma on osseous healing in dogs undergoing high tibial osteotomy

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