Ultrasonographic analyses of Crow's feet and novel guideline for botulinum toxin injection

Piao, Jiong-Zhen; Oh, Wook; Choi, You–Jin; Lee, Ji‐Hyun; Bae, Hyungkyu; Hu, Kyung-Seok; Kim, Hyoung-Moon; Kim, Hee‐Jin

doi:10.1111/jocd.15167

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The epidermis around the eye is 0.2 mm thick, and the dermis is 0.7–1.2 mm thick according to the histological analysis. And a recent living human ultrasonography analyses shown the depth of the orbicularis oculi muscle from the skin surface at the midpoint of the frontal process is 2.0 ± 0.4 mm 9 . The depth of this point is almost the thinnest around the eye.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…And a recent living human ultrasonography analyses shown the depth of the orbicularis oculi muscle from the skin surface at the midpoint of the frontal process is 2.0 ± 0.4 mm. 9 The depth of this point is almost Even without the adverse effects, conventional treatment often leads to the disappearance of "Jelly rolls" due to weakened contraction of the pretarsal orbicularis oculi in the lower eyelid, which makes the eye not soft-looking during dynamic facial expressions. Chinese patients want not only to eliminate wrinkles but also to maintain as natural an expression as possible.…”

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety and efficacy evaluation of botulinum toxin an injection by FITTER® microneedle to treat medial lower eyelid wrinkles

Fan,

Long,

Quan

et al. 2023

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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BackgroundTreatment for medial lower eyelid wrinkles is in great demand now. However, conventional injection of botulinum toxin A (BTX‐A) often leads to serious complications.AimsWe aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of BTX‐A injection with microneedle to treat medial lower eyelid wrinkles.MethodsWe collected clinical data of 16 patients to treat dynamic wrinkles on the medial aspect of the lower eyelid. Adverse effects at each stage of the treatment were recorded. We used VISIA to compare the static and dynamic wrinkles of the medial lower eyelid before and after treatment. Furthermore, patients and physicians evaluated the wrinkles with Kappa scores.ResultsAll 16 patients completed the study. The objective evaluation indicator (the Ra variable given by VISIA) progressively and significantly decreased at 1 month and 3 months after treatment. The kappa scores given by patients and by surgeons were both significantly reduced after treatment. No adverse reactions, such as pouch prolapse, diplopia, and canthal tendon laxity, occurred at 1 week, 1 month, or 3 months after the treatment.ConclusionBTX‐A treatment of medial lower eyelid wrinkles with microneedle injection allows better control of the injection depth and reduces both the amount of BTX‐A needed and the incidence of complications while maintaining the natural dynamic expression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy evaluation of botulinum toxin an injection by FITTER® microneedle to treat medial lower eyelid wrinkles

Fan,

Long,

Quan

et al. 2023

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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“…There have been some recommendations for rounding the corner of the eye along the mimic wrinkles (Handa & Marwah, 2021; Li et al, 2022). In practice, however, this is not always possible, because a number of patients undergo botulinum toxin injections to eliminate these wrinkles and this physiological fold-indicator is smoothed out and becomes invisible (Piao et al, 2022). Likewise, these wrinkles might not exist in patients younger than 30 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient Satisfaction and Scar Quality Following Upper Blepharoplasty Using a Simplified Preoperative Marking Technique

Dossan

Doskaliyev

Dzhumabekov

et al. 2023

Plastic and Aesthetic Nursing

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One of the most popular plastic surgical interventions both abroad and in Kazakhstan is blepharoplasty. Plastic surgeons continue to debate various methods for performing this operation; however, some of the methods used by plastic surgeons for preoperative marking of the upper eyelid skin may not be suited to the type of incision that should be used on the eyelids of individuals from Kazakhstan. For this reason, the surgery may not achieve the desired results. We conducted a study of patients from Kazakhstan who underwent upper blepharoplasty using a simplified technique for eyelid marking that we developed at our plastic surgery center. We used the Patient-Reported Outcome Measure Questionnaire (PROM-Q) to measure patient satisfaction and the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) to measure scar quality. The results of our study showed that the majority of patients who underwent upper blepharoplasty performed by surgeons using our method of preoperative marking were extremely satisfied with the effect. The patients noted rapid tissue repair and minimal scarring. We concluded that the use of a simplified marking technique can significantly help aesthetic surgeons performing upper blepharoplasty by reducing the risk for negative postoperative effects.

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“…Metrics such as crow's feet grading score (CFGS) or global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS) or eventually traditional validated patients reported outcome measures (PROMs) are required. 34,55 Ultimately, technologically advanced measures such as periorbital wrinkles measurement by 3-D imaging 34,56 or ultrasonographic analyses of crow's feet 57 could provide a basis for meaningful and objective comparison of various studies. Furthermore, rather than PROMs that may be somewhat biased and subjective, patients' satisfaction analysis by artificial intelligence (AI) 58 and eye-tracking (ET) 59 may prove to be better measuring tools in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Improvement of Crow's Feet Wrinkles in Combination With Cervicofacial and Temporal Lifting

Atiyeh,

Ghanem,

Oneisi

et al. 2023

Ann Plast Surg

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Background The lateral orbital crow's feet area is one for which rejuvenation is most frequently requested by patients. Moreover, lateral canthal wrinkles are a common source of dissatisfaction after rhytidoplasty. Botulinum toxin injection has emerged as a most popular, easy, and effective solution; nevertheless, repeated injections are required periodically for long-term effect. Other nonsurgical options have also been described to have some demonstrable advantages. Orbicularis oculi surgical manipulations have been described as well. Material and Methods A systematic PubMed literature search was conducted to identify clinical cohort studies including more than 10 patients describing surgical approaches for improvement of crows' feet wrinkles in combination with face and/or temporal lifts. The search was complemented by Embase, Medline, and Cochrane searches in addition to screening of reference lists of selected studies and simple term searches about surgical treatment of crow's feet. Results Fourteen studies satisfied the inclusion criteria and were included in this review describing various muscle excision techniques including vertical strip excision, lateral partial resection, wedge resection, muscle resection in “C” pattern, and enlarged myectomy of about one-third of the whole orbital extension in addition to muscle manipulation modalities, including muscle splaying, muscle division, muscle division and splaying, muscle undermining with partial denervation, and muscle suspension. Interposition of fascia between orbicularis muscle and overlying skin was also reported. Conclusion View the few studies retrieved and the wide spectrum of reported techniques, it is not possible to determine from this review the most effective modality. Nevertheless, it seems that subcutaneous undermining of the lateral canthal area combined with splaying and traction of the orbicularis oculi muscle and fixation to the temporalis fascia with or without muscle division would yield the best long-term results. This review indicates also that surgical correction of crow's feet during rhytidectomy or temporal lift could be a positive complement to improve aesthetic outcome. Unfortunately, if not underreported, it is definitely neglected. We believe that this review may be an eye-opener for surgeons.

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Ultrasonographic analyses of Crow's feet and novel guideline for botulinum toxin injection

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Safety and efficacy evaluation of botulinum toxin an injection by FITTER® microneedle to treat medial lower eyelid wrinkles

Safety and efficacy evaluation of botulinum toxin an injection by FITTER® microneedle to treat medial lower eyelid wrinkles

Patient Satisfaction and Scar Quality Following Upper Blepharoplasty Using a Simplified Preoperative Marking Technique

Long-Term Improvement of Crow's Feet Wrinkles in Combination With Cervicofacial and Temporal Lifting

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