Ultrasonically prepared photocatalyst of W/WO3 nanoplates with WS2 nanosheets as 2D material for improving photoelectrochemical water splitting

Ultrasonication-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation enhances photoelectrochemical performance in α-Fe2O3/MoS2 photoanode

“…In the type MX 2 , M is a transition metal atom and X is a chalcogen atom. The unique combination of a direct bandgap, favorable mechanical and electronic properties, and strong spin–orbit coupling makes them more attractive for applications in optoelectronics, electronics, and energy harvesting materials [37] , [38] . Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS 2 ) is one of the most attractive and widely used TMDs; it has desirable properties, such as a low coefficient of friction, high chemical stability, and thermal stability, and can thus enhance visible light absorption with a proper band edge [39] , [40] .…”

An inclusive perspective on the recent development of tungsten‐based catalysts for overall water‐splitting : A review

“…The photocurrent density increased significantly when the WS 2 nanosheets were deposited, notably for the WO 3 /WS 2 electrode, with maxima at about 6.6 mA cm −2 current density at 1.75 V vs Ag/AgCl. So, because in the Nyquist plot semi‐circle radius is connected to charge transfer at the photoanode‐electrolyte interface, in an EIS Nyquist plot reducing the semi‐circle radius revealed that charge transfer from tungsten disulfide nano‐sheets to W/WO 3 substrate was simpler than charge transfer from WS 2 nanosheets to WS 2 /WO 3 substrate 147 . The visible light absorption of WS 2 and CdS heterostructures has been significantly improved over the whole visible spectrum, with a modification in the slope of the absorption edge relating to WS 2 nanostructures in the nanostructures.…”

“…So, because in the Nyquist plot semi-circle radius is connected to charge transfer at the photoanode-electrolyte interface, in an EIS Nyquist plot reducing the semi-circle radius revealed that charge transfer from tungsten disulfide nano-sheets to W/WO 3 substrate was simpler than charge transfer from WS 2 nanosheets to WS 2 /WO 3 substrate. 147 The visible light absorption of WS 2 and CdS heterostructures has been significantly improved over the whole visible spectrum, with a modification in the slope of the absorption edge relating to WS 2 nanostructures in the nanostructures. This results in a greater number of charge carriers, better charge separation, and charge migration.…”

Interstitial M+ (M+ = Li+ or Sn4+) Doping at Interfacial BiVO4/WO3 to Promote Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production

“…Numerous BVO photoelectrodes have been prepared in bulk or powder form; however, they showed an undesirable recombination of bulk electron−holes due to large grain boundaries and poor particle-to-particle or conducting substrate connection. 15,17,18 Various strategies have been employed to overcome these limitations including (i) doping with metal or nonmetal substances, 19,20 (ii) fine tuning of the structure, morphology, and nanostructure of the materials, 18,21,22 (iii) building hybrid heterostructures with other staggered band-alignment semiconductors, 17,23−26 and (iv) modulating the surface of the photoelectrodes with appropriate water oxidation catalysts (metal oxide, metal phosphate, or oxyhydroxides). 27,28 Most previous studies have reported that doping with hexavalent transition metals (Mo 6+ / W 6+ ) at V-substituted sites significantly improved the electronic structure by lowering the small polaron hopping barrier.…”

“…Among them, monoclinic bismuth vanadate ( m -BVO) has emerged as a promising visible light absorber (high optical absorption coefficient of ∼10 4 –10 5 cm –1 at h ν = 2.5–3.5 eV) and with good performance as a water splitter. ,, Single BVO has poor electronic conductivity. Numerous BVO photoelectrodes have been prepared in bulk or powder form; however, they showed an undesirable recombination of bulk electron–holes due to large grain boundaries and poor particle-to-particle or conducting substrate connection. ,, Various strategies have been employed to overcome these limitations including (i) doping with metal or nonmetal substances, , (ii) fine tuning of the structure, morphology, and nanostructure of the materials, ,, (iii) building hybrid heterostructures with other staggered band-alignment semiconductors, ,− and (iv) modulating the surface of the photoelectrodes with appropriate water oxidation catalysts (metal oxide, metal phosphate, or oxyhydroxides). , Most previous studies have reported that doping with hexavalent transition metals (Mo 6+ /W 6+ ) at V-substituted sites significantly improved the electronic structure by lowering the small polaron hopping barrier. , For instance, Li et al reported that V-substituted Mo-doped BVO increases the charge carrier density and interfacial area and results in an approximately 6.91 times higher performance . Bard et al.…”