Ultrasonic Treatment of Algae in a New Jersey Reservoir

Schneider, Orren D.; Weinrich, Lauren; Brezinski, Scott

doi:10.5942/jawwa.2015.107.0149

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Without the competitive ability for buoyancy, the photosynthetic activity of cyanobacteria is limited. Simultaneously, the sedimentation of collapsed algal cells is stimulated [96]. This leads to a decline in cyanobacterial growth.…”

Section: Prevention Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue-Green Algae in Surface Water: Problems and Opportunities

Nguyen

Zdarta

et al. 2020

Curr Pollution Rep

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Purpose of ReviewCyanobacteria, commonly known as blue-green algae, are often seen as a problem. Their accumulation (bloom) in surface water can cause toxicity and aesthetic concerns. Efforts have been made in preventing and managing cyanobacterial blooms. By contrast, purposeful cultivation of cyanobacteria can create great opportunities in food, chemical and biofuel applications. This review summarises the current stage of research and the socio-economic impacts associated with both the problems and opportunities induced from the presence of cyanobacteria in surface water. Recent FindingsInsightful knowledge of factors that trigger cyanobacterial blooms has allowed for the development of prevention and control strategies. Advanced technologies are utilised to detect, quantify and treat cyanobacterial biomass and cyanotoxins in a timely manner. Additionally, understanding of cyanobacterial biochemical properties enables their applications in food and health industry, agriculture and biofuel production. Researchers have been able to genetically modify several cyanobacterial strains to obtain a direct pathway for ethanol and hydrogen production.

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Section: Prevention Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue-Green Algae in Surface Water: Problems and Opportunities

Nguyen

Zdarta

et al. 2020

Curr Pollution Rep

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“…Several approaches are proposed to scale up sonication, such as the deployment of multiple floating ultrasonic devices to supply sufficient ultrasound intensity, restricting treatment target areas to locations close to water intake towers, as the removal of algae from a large reservoir entirely may not be realistic considering the cost, conducting several field/pilot studies considering water flow, targeted algae species and other natural water body related operation factors, and combining sonication with remote sensing technologies to measure the algal concentration and optimize the application time [29]. The successful field application by Schneider et al [16] is encouraging to emphasize more systematic studies in the future, to achieve consistent outcomes in a large-scale application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The in-water-treatment mechanisms Cyanobacteria and other algae types 4 buoys (Not given) Reservoir (2.9 Mm 3 ) 6 months Reduced taste and odor and algae levels; 22% reduction of alum dose and 20 h longer filter run ($87,800 related operation costs saved). [16] M. aeruginosa [ 25,26] C. gracilis, C. calcitrans, and Nannochloropsis sp. 0.02, 0.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

200 kHz Sonication of Mixed-Algae Suspension from a Eutrophic Lake: The Effect on the Caution vs. Outbreak Bloom Alert Levels

Tekile

Kim

Lee

2017

Water

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For effective ultrasonic algae removal, several studies have considered the ultrasound equipment linked factors, such as power and frequency. However, studies on the response of mixed algal cultures and associated water quality parameters to ultrasound are limited. In this lab-scale sonication, the removal of cyanobacteria at a pre-set frequency of 200 kHz on mixed algae suspensions collected from a eutrophic lake was investigated. The caution (17.5 µg/L) and outbreak (1450 µg/L) alert levels in terms of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations of the initial samples were each sonicated for 10, 15, and 20 min, and then kept in an incubator. Fifteen minutes of sonication resulted in best removal efficiency of 0.94 and 0.77, at an ultrasonic dose of 30 kWh/m 3 at the outbreak and caution level concentrations, respectively. Immediately after 15 min sonication, and after standing in the incubator for a day, chlorophyll-a removal efficiencies of 0.28 and 0.90 were achieved in the outbreak level, respectively, and the matching removal efficiencies for the caution level were 0.23 and 0.64. Even though the removal was substantial in both cases, the final 147 µg/L chlorophyll-a concentration of the outbreak, which is itself still in the outbreak level range, shows that ultrasonication is not effective to satisfactorily remove algae from a concentrated suspension. Total dissolved nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand were reduced, overall, due to sonication. However, total dissolved phosphorus of the concentrated level was increased during the treatment. Although sonication needs further replicated experimental testing in whole-lake systems, our results show that 200 kHz sonication was able to reduce chlorophyll-a concentrations in small-scale laboratory tests.

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“…One utility noted that a barrier for this technology is that manufacturers' literature could be overstating the technology's capability to control algae. Despite evidence that supports the efficiency of sonication for controlling cyanobacteria growth in the lab-and pilot-scale settings (Dehghani, 2016;Rajasekhar et al, 2012;Wu et al, 2011), field-scale trials reported in the literature have contradictory and even anecdotal findings (Nakano et al, 2001;Schneider et al, 2015). Most of the utilities relied on manufacturer recommendations for the optimization of treatment parameters.…”

Section: Limitations Of Source Control Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility practices and perspectives on monitoring and source control of cyanobacterial blooms

et al. 2021

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Thirty-five utilities across the United States (54%), Australia (26%), and Canada (20%) were surveyed to identify their experiences with early warning monitoring and source control of cyanobacteria. All utilities experience pelagic blooms, but only 20% monitor for benthic cyanobacteria. Most utilities (86%) have early warning monitoring programs. However, monitoring frequencies and long analytical turnaround times negatively impacted the effective use of monitoring data for rapid bloom detection and prompt implementation of reactive measures to control blooms/bloom-related issues. Thus, a tiered monitoring approach is recommended: Tier 1-event detection, Tier 2-cyanobacteria confirmation, and Tier 3-metabolite confirmation. Most utilities (68%) implement source control strategies for cyanobacteria, with algaecides and aeration being the most frequently used (36%). Utilities relied on manufacturer recommendations to design source control strategies, although site-specific optimization is needed based on water quality/bloom conditions. Control strategies were restricted by source geometry, limited optimization, metabolite generation, and environmental impacts. Successful source control of cyanobacteria was further negatively impacted by external nutrient loading. Therefore, source control strategies should be implemented jointly with external nutrient control initiatives.

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Ultrasonic Treatment of Algae in a New Jersey Reservoir

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Blue-Green Algae in Surface Water: Problems and Opportunities

Blue-Green Algae in Surface Water: Problems and Opportunities

200 kHz Sonication of Mixed-Algae Suspension from a Eutrophic Lake: The Effect on the Caution vs. Outbreak Bloom Alert Levels

Utility practices and perspectives on monitoring and source control of cyanobacterial blooms

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