Ultrasonic technique for measuring the mean flow velocity behind a throttle: A metrological analysis

Alsaqoor, Sameh; Alahmer, Ali; Andruszkiewicz, A.; Piechota, Piotr; Synowiec, P.; Beithou, Nabil; Wędrychowicz, W.; Wróblewska, Elżbieta; Jouhara, Hussam

doi:10.1016/j.tsep.2022.101402

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…An ultrasonic flowmeter's main operating principle is to measure the time that is necessary for a signal to move with the flow. The Doppler and transit-time ultrasonic flowmeters have been the two primary forms employed in the measurement system [4]. Transit-based ultrasonic flowmeter with a time base: They need a pair of actuators and at least one sensor to function.…”

Section: Basic Operating Principle For Coriolis and Ultrasonic Flowme...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview of Control and Monitoring Specification Study to Help Reach Net Zero in the UK for Hydrogen Flow Measurement Network

Fatima,

Hafeez

2024

JESTT

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Currently, environmental damage appears a worldwide issue that affects everyone on the globe. With the goal of a net-zero carbon footprint by the year 2050, many nations have passed legislation, provided aid, and raised both public and private investment to encourage the use of renewable energy sources instead of traditional pathways like fossil fuels. Many other countries have made similar intentions to initiate their journey to an economy with no emissions at all including the UK. The current objective of this study is to review equipment for monitoring techniques and metering which helps to deal with the modern industry to attain net zero emission through the application of hydrogen. Ultrasonic and Coriolis flowmeters have been compared in terms of measurement techniques for hydrogen in the operative system. It has been identified that the petroleum and natural gas industrial sectors are using mass flow monitoring more frequently. Beyond absolute zero and at atmospheric pressures hydrogen becomes liquified. So, it proved essential to have a huge mass flow measuring apparatus having minimal uncertainty and proper and fixed measurement inaccuracy. Moreover, it has been evaluated that Programmable logic controllers are being used to operate the system to create a trustworthy control framework.

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Section: Basic Operating Principle For Coriolis and Ultrasonic Flowme...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the short transit time, the receiving transducer must be ready in advance to receive the signal from the sending transducer [4]. The large opening angle can cause crosstalk, especially in pipes with tiny diameters.…”

Section: Comparison Between Coriolis and Ultrasonic Flowmeters For Hy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Control and Monitoring Specification Study to Help Reach Net Zero in the UK for Hydrogen Flow Measurement Network

Fatima,

Hafeez

2024

JESTT

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“…For that reason, there are many limitations in the use of instruments of a certain type in given conditions which deviate from the standard conditions accepted and described in normative acts (norms, instructions). This was the reason for the authors of this article to perform a comprehensive study connected to the use of the ultrasonic method of measurement in customized measurement conditions, i.e., behind different elements which disturb the flow [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Hydraulic elbows of different sizes and shapes, as well as a throttle, were the obstacles in the available literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Determination Influence of Flow Disturbances behind the Knife Gate Valve on the Indications of the Ultrasonic Flow Meter with Clamp-On Sensors on Pipelines

Piechota

Synowiec

Andruszkiewicz

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The aim of this work is to experimentally determine and evaluate the value of the correction factor for ultrasonic flow meters in order to improve their accuracy. This article concerns flow velocity measurement with the use of an ultrasonic flow meter in the area of disturbed flow behind the distorting element. Clamp-on ultrasonic flow meters are popular among measurement technologies due to their high accuracy and easy, non-invasive installation, because the sensors are mounted directly on the outer surface of the pipe. In industrial applications, installation space is usually limited and, therefore, flow meters frequently have to be mounted directly behind flow disturbances. In such cases, it is necessary to determine the value of the correction factor. The disturbing element was a knife gate valve, a valve often used in flow installations. Water flow velocity tests were performed using an ultrasonic flow meter with clamp-on sensors on the pipeline. The research was performed in 2 series of measurements with different Reynolds numbers of 35,000 and 70,000, which correspond to a velocity of approximately 0.9 m/s and 1.8 m/s. The tests were carried out at different distances from the source of interference, within the range of 3–15 DN (pipe nominal diameter). The position of the sensors at successive measurement points on the circuit of the pipeline was changed by 30 degrees. Flow velocity measurements were carried out for two different levels of the valve’s closure: 1/3 and 1/2 of the valve’s height. For the collected velocity values at single measurement points, the values of the correction coefficient, K, were determined. The results of the tests and calculations prove that compensation error of measurement performed behind the disturbance without keeping the required straight sections of the pipeline is possible by using the factor K*. The analysis of the results made it possible to identify the optimal measuring point at a distance from the knife gate valve as being smaller than specified in the standards and recommendations.

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“…Transit-time ultrasonic flowmeters are frequently utilized to perform continuous measurements of medium flow under both steady-state and perturbed conditions [17][18][19][20][21]. Because they are non-contact flow meters, they do not disrupt the flow rate or develop further pressure loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flow field characteristics of different shapes and sizes in the pipeline are studied, and the best tapered pipeline model is designed. Studies [20,31] have shown that the positioning of the ultrasonic flowmeters downstream of any obstacles or fittings can minimize the effects of vortices on the measurements. Understanding the effect of vortices on USF measurements is crucial for accurate flow measurement, particularly in applications such as water distribution systems and industrial processes, where vortices are likely to occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Transit-Time Ultrasonic Flowmeter Inaccuracies during Changing Gas Velocity Profiles

et al. 2023

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This study investigates the impact of changes in velocity profiles on the measurement inaccuracies of gas flow streams detected by an ultrasonic flowmeter. The cross-sectional velocity profile was influenced by the downhill flow rate, causing variations in the shape factor coefficient. The flowmeter processing equation should consider the factor of shape coefficient variations. Consideration for these variations can result in errors in the measurement of the flow stream. The processing equation assumes a single, constant value for the shape factor coefficient, which can lead to inaccuracies. This article covers the inaccuracies of the transit-time ultrasonic flowmeter caused by a change in the velocity profile of the flowing gas, such as air. A realistic flow system was established with measured flow rates ranging from 43 m3/h to 225 m3/h. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable reference for the design and implementation of more accurate and efficient flow measurement systems that can enhance process efficiency.

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Ultrasonic technique for measuring the mean flow velocity behind a throttle: A metrological analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Overview of Control and Monitoring Specification Study to Help Reach Net Zero in the UK for Hydrogen Flow Measurement Network

Overview of Control and Monitoring Specification Study to Help Reach Net Zero in the UK for Hydrogen Flow Measurement Network

Experimental Determination Influence of Flow Disturbances behind the Knife Gate Valve on the Indications of the Ultrasonic Flow Meter with Clamp-On Sensors on Pipelines

Examining Transit-Time Ultrasonic Flowmeter Inaccuracies during Changing Gas Velocity Profiles

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