Ultrasonic Soil Washing with Fish Oil Extract to Remove Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), Dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from Highly Contaminated Field Soils

Efficacy of Indigenously Prepared Sugarcane and Pineapple Wine Solvents for Washing Highly Dioxin-Contaminated Field Soils

“…The details of sample analysis can be viewed in our previous studies [1,2]. Technically, extraction was performed using a method recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency [28].…”

“…The details of soil sample preparation were described in our previous publications [1,2]. Briefly, a soil screening standard of the American Society for Testing and Materials [25] was employed for soil sample preparation.…”

“…Because target compounds were unknown, USEPA method 8260B was adopted for the qualification and quantification of VOCs [34]. In order to clarify the mechanism of the high removal efficiencies of the wine solvents, we spiked them (10 µ L each) into a 40 mL deionized water vial [1,2]. Then, using a purge and trap system combined with 6890-5973 GC-MSD for this analysis [34], we compared the peaks we found with those established in the NIST mass spectra library [35].…”

“…Dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) negatively affect the environment and human health [1,2]. They are considered nonvolatile chemicals and because of their characteristics of hydrophobicity and lipophilicity, their water-solubility is considerably low, meaning that they are often attached to soil and sediments [3].…”

Ultrasound-assisted soil washing processes using organic solvents for the remediation of PCBs-contaminated soils

“…In previous studies, various polar and nonpolar solvents including methanol [6] , ethanol [13] , [14] , [15] , acetone [16] , isopropanol [17] , and hexane [16] have been tested in soil washing processes for the remediation of dioxins and PCBs-contaminated soils and sediments. Some studies have also investigated the effect of natural solvents including fish oil [18] , wine [19] , and olive oil [20] on the removal of dioxins and PCBs from contaminated soils. It is generally known that the selection of an appropriate solvent depends on soil/sediment characteristics, including soil particle size and organic content, contaminant concentration, and the solubility of target organic pollutants in the solvents [4] , [13] , [15] .…”