Ultrasonic Sensor-Based Embedded System for Vehicular Collusion Detection and Alert

Abstract

The efficacy of an automated collision detection system is contingent upon the caliber and volume of data at its disposal. In the event that the data is deficient, incongruous, or erroneous, it has the potential to generate erroneous positive or negative outcomes, thereby compromising the system's credibility. The occurrence of false positives is observed when the system erroneously identifies genuine activity as collusion. The phenomenon of false negatives arises when the system is unable to identify instances of genuine collusion. Collusion detection systems are required to handle substantial volumes of data in real time, capable of analyzing relationships between different objects. The intricate nature of collusion can pose difficulties in devising and executing efficient systems for its detection. The present study proposes an automated anti-collision system that utilizes sensor devices to detect objects and activate an alert mechanism in the event that the vehicle approaches the object in close proximity. The study introduces a novel methodology for mitigating vehicular accidents by implementing a combined system that integrates collision detection and alert mechanisms. The proposed system comprises an ultrasonic sensor, a microprocessor, and an alarm system. The sensor transmits a signal to the microcontroller, which in turn sends a signal to the warning unit. The warning unit is designed to prevent potential accidents by emitting an audible warning signal through a buzzer. Additionally, the distance information is displayed on an LCD screen. The Proteus Design Suite is utilized for simulation purposes, while Arduino.cc is employed for implementation.

Discrete Event Simulation-Based Evaluation of a Single-Lane Synchronized Dual-Traffic Light Intersections

“…The primary components of the mathematical framework utilized in this study are events, state variables, simulation clock, event queue, event-driven modelling, analysis, and visualization. Each event is accompanied with a timestamp that denotes the specific moment at which it is intended to be processed [17]. In the proposed methodology, the state variables serve as representations of the traits or characteristics inherent to the simulated system.…”

“…Every individual event is examined in isolation and assessed according to the distinct relationship between the entity and the resource. The event scheduling approach is notable for its simplicity, while it heavily relies on low-level programming approaches [17].…”

“…In order to gain a deeper understanding of the developmental path that DEVS has embarked upon, particularly with regards to its user base and the en-visioned directions for its future. This study examined DEVS literature that specifically addresses its prospective advancements [17]. The study combines a quantitative bibliometric analysis of the literature on Modelling and Simulation with a qualitative evaluation of DEVS [5].…”

“…A study conducted by [19] utilized a discrete event simulation environment to examine this approach. A comparable methodology had been used to create a discrete event simulation model for a traffic intersection at an urban traffic signal intersection, utilizing the ARENA software [17]. The model presented an optimal duration for the green phase signal to effectively minimize queue length.…”

“…The atomic model comprises a collection of states, including an initial state, and encompasses two distinct forms of state transitions: internal and external. Each state is accompanied by a time-advance output, as well as ports that can function as either inputs or outputs [17]. In order to develop the atomic model for this research, the input ports that receive external events are identified alongside the output ports that transmit external events.…”