Ultrasonic power output measurement by pulsed radiation pressure

Fick, Steven E.; Breckenridge, F. R.

doi:10.6028/jres.101.064

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…One RFB approach to minimize these confounding forces involves modulating the ultrasound and measuring the resultant radiation force at a frequency removed from their influence (20 Hz) [185], [186]. Errors of less than a few percent are reported for powers from 0.1 mW-30 W, and frequencies from 0.5-30 MHz.…”

Section: Ultrasonic Powermentioning

confidence: 98%

Progress in medical ultrasound exposimetry

Harris

2005

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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Biomedical applications of ultrasound have experienced tremendous growth over the past 50 years. Early work in thermal therapy and surgery soon was followed by diagnostic imaging and Doppler. Because patient safety was an important issue from the beginning, the study of methods for measuring exposure levels, and their relationship to possible biological effects, paralleled the growth of the various therapeutic and diagnostic techniques. The diverse conditions of use have presented a range of exposure measurement challenges, and the sensors and techniques used to evaluate ultrasound fields have had to evolve as new or expanded clinical applications have emerged. In this paper some of the more notable of these developments are presented and discussed. Topics covered include devices and techniques, methods of calibration, progress in standardization, and current problem areas, including the effects of nonlinear propagation. Some early methods are described, but emphasis is given to more recent work applicable to present and future uses of ultrasound in medicine and biology.

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Section: Ultrasonic Powermentioning

confidence: 98%

Progress in medical ultrasound exposimetry

Harris

2005

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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“…The most simple one is based on pinhole measurement [7] but this method is limited, the measurement is only qualitative because the conversion factor needed to derive the pressure is usually not available and the pinhole may be intrusive for the beam (creating harmonic distortions and secondary echoes). Other quantitative methods are based on the use of a balance for measuring the radiation force [9][10][11][12], but they are usually used for waveform propagation in water where the pressure values are larger. Also interferometry measurements of the displacement of a membrane placed at certain distance from the probe can be performed [13], this technique is however an indirect method affected from the characteristic of the membrane, thus allowing only accurate relative comparisons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative validation of an air-coupled ultrasonic probe model by Interferometric laser tomography

Revel¹,

Pandarese²,

Cavuto³

2012

AIP Conference Proceedings

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The present paper describes the quantitative validation of a finite element (FE) model of the ultrasound beam generated by an air coupled non-contact ultrasound transducer. The model boundary conditions are given by vibration velocities measured by laser vibrometry on the probe membrane. The proposed validation method is based on the comparison between the simulated 3D pressure field and the pressure data measured with interferometric laser tomography technique. The model details and the experimental techniques are described in paper. The analysis of results shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach and the possibility to quantitatively assess and predict the generated acoustic pressure field, with maximum discrepancies in the order of 20% due to uncertainty effects. This step is important for determining in complex problems the real applicability of air-coupled probes and for the simulation of the whole inspection procedure, also when the component is designed, so as to virtually verify its inspectability.

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“…1͒. 7,16,31 This is performed by using a splitting T connector at the output of the source and measured with the help of coaxial cable. This will have better accuracy at the lower range of frequencies ͑typically …”

Section: Effect Of Coaxial Cable On Voltage Measurement Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 An appropriately constructed target, properly aligned in a steady state under ultrasound field, is subjected to a radiation force given by [15][16][17] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary measurement of total ultrasonic power with improved accuracy in rf voltage measurement

Dubey

Kumar

et al. 2010

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Out of the various existing ultrasonic power measurement techniques, the radiation force balance method using microbalance is most widely used in low power ͑below 1 W͒ regime. The major source of uncertainty associated with this technique is the error in ac voltage measurement applied to the transducer for the generation of ultrasonic waves. The sources that deteriorate the ac voltage measurement accuracy include cable length and impedance mismatch. We introduce a new differential peak to peak measurement approach to reduce the ac voltage measurement error. The method holds the average peak amplitude of each polarity. Ultralow offset difference amplifier is used to measure peak to peak voltage. The method is insensitive to the variations in the dc offset of the source. The functionality of this method has been tested and compared with the conventional rf voltage measurement method. The output of this proposed technique is dc, which can be measured with an error of less than 0.1%.

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Ultrasonic power output measurement by pulsed radiation pressure

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Progress in medical ultrasound exposimetry

Progress in medical ultrasound exposimetry

Quantitative validation of an air-coupled ultrasonic probe model by Interferometric laser tomography

Primary measurement of total ultrasonic power with improved accuracy in rf voltage measurement

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