Ultrasonic P-wave propagation through water-filled rock joint: An experimental investigation

Yang, Hui; Duan, Huan‐Feng; Zhu, Jianbo

doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2019.06.014

Cited by 42 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…With regard to the blasting load simulation, a short duration load was applied on the left surface of the model (Figure 1), which is a typical load/response during tunnel construction and other excavations that uses blasting in underground construction work and/or mining. An example of pressure function is shown in Figure 1 and originated from equation (2) [24]. e boundary conditions use the low-reflecting boundary conditions to truncate the computational domain to a reasonable size:…”

Section: Methods and Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ere is a large variety of artificial or natural cracks, gaps, various joints, faults, folds, and interlayers inside rocks, along which shear is more likely to occur and deformation is usually nonlinear [1]. ese structural planes have nonuniformities and discontinuities, and the cores of these structural planes are usually wet or filled with water [2], which can significantly reduce the strength of the rock mass and have an important influence on the propagation of stress waves in the rock mass [3][4][5][6][7][8]. When elastic waves propagate in these rock structures, reflections, refractions, and diffractions occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Explosion‐Induced Stress Wave Propagation in Interacting Fault System: Numerical Modeling and Implications for Chaoyang Coal Mine

Feng

Zhang

Ali

2019

Shock and Vibration

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Exploring the propagation of stress waves in rocks with preexisting discontinuities is of great importance to reveal rock and geological engineering problems, particularly dynamic disasters like earthquakes and rockbursts in underground coal mining. In this paper, six 3D models established with COMSOL Multiphysics are employed to explore the influence of two preexisting faults with different orientations on the propagation process of explosion-induced stress waves and the reflection effect. Considering the propagation process of stress waves, the interactive effect between two different size faults is discussed. The results show that the dip angles of the preexisting fault and the differences of the elastic modulus, density, and Poisson’s ratio between faults and rocks have great influence on the distribution of stresses and strain-energy density. Immediately after the stress wave induced by blasting arrived at preexisting fault A, a relatively high concentration of the strain-energy density was observed at the last wave before passing through fault A. The presence of faults leads to the reflection of most of the blast energy. When the stress wave propagates across fault A, the strain energy stored in the stress wave becomes attenuated; thus, most strain energy was absorbed by the fault’s domain. Finally, the modeling results were implicated in Chaoyang Coal Mine to account for the distribution of the observed seismic events. This study has guiding significance for the attenuation law of stress waves passing through joint/fissure zones in geological engineering, earthquake engineering, and underground mining engineering.

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Section: Methods and Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosion‐Induced Stress Wave Propagation in Interacting Fault System: Numerical Modeling and Implications for Chaoyang Coal Mine

Feng

Zhang

Ali

2019

Shock and Vibration

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“…Water increases the ultrasonic velocity when it fills pores and microcracks of rocks [56]. Accordingly, the on-site ultrasonic measurements were considered drying conditions of the stone block foundation that are unaffected by the rain.…”

Section: Ultrasonic Measurement Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Properties of a Stone Architectural Heritage and Weathering Evaluations Based on Provenance Site

Lee

2022

Applied Sciences

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In this study, we performed customized ultrasonic measurements of the stone block foundation of the Sungnyemun Gate, which is representative of the stone architectural heritage in the Republic of Korea. Furthermore, the weathering evaluation standards, which are extensively used in stone heritage, were improved considering the type of rock and its provenance site. In particular, the absolute weathering grade used the ultrasonic velocity (P-wave) of a universal hard rock, whereas the relative weathering grade used the differences between the ultrasonic velocities of the materials in the stone block foundation of the Sungnyemun Gate (weathered stone) and the fresh rocks in the provenance. Among these, the absolute weathering grade was observed to be constant regardless of the type of rock; however, the relative weathering grade varied depending on the type dof rock. Because the average ultrasonic velocity of the original blocks of the stone block foundation of the Sungnyemun Gate was 2665 m/s, it was estimated that their ultrasonic velocity reduced by approximately 2.1 m/s per year as compared to that observed in case of fresh rocks (average 3932 m/s) in the provenance site. Furthermore, the weathering evaluation exhibited that there were approximately two stages of difference between the original blocks and the new blocks. As compared to the relative weathering grade, the absolute weathering grade was observed to underestimate the overall ultrasonic velocity of the stone block foundation of the Sungnyemun Gate. This study presents a customized method for performing ultrasonic measurements and for evaluating weathering. It is assumed that the results of this study will be extensively used in diagnosing and monitoring the stone architectural heritage.

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“…Natural rock joints are filled with gouge material ranging from fluids (e.g., water or oil) to viscoelastic particulate soils (e.g., sand, silt, and clay). The effects of gouge fill on wave propagation in jointed rock masses have been examined extensively in analytical and experimental studies [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Prior research noted that the presence of gouge fill greatly influences the mechanical behavior and seismic response of the jointed rock mass for single and multiple joints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Gouge Fill on Elastic Wave Propagation in Equivalent Continuum Jointed Rock Mass

2021

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The presence of gouge in rock joints significantly affects the physical and mechanical properties of the host rock mass. Wave-based exploration techniques have been widely used to investigate the effects of gouge fill on rock mass properties. Previous research on wave propagation in gouge-filled joints focused on analytical and theoretical methods. The lack of experimental methods for multiple rock joint systems, however, has limited the verification potential of the proposed models. In this study, the effects of gouge material and thickness on wave propagation in equivalent continuum jointed rocks are investigated using a quasi-static resonant column test. Gouge-filled rock specimens are simulated using stacked granite rock discs. Sand and clay gouge fills of 2 and 5 mm thicknesses are tested to investigate the effects of gouge material and thickness. Comprehensive analyses of the effects of gouge thickness are conducted using homogeneous isotropic acetal gouge fills of known thickness. The results show that gouge fill leads to changes in wave velocity, which depend on the characteristics of the gouge fill. The results also show that particulate soil gouge is susceptible to preloading effects that cause permanent changes in the soil fabric and contact geometry and that increased gouge thickness causes a more significant stiffness contribution of the gouge material properties to the overall stiffness of the equivalent continuum specimen. The normal and shear joint stiffnesses for different gouge fill conditions are calculated from the experimental results using the equivalent continuum model and suggested as input parameters for numerical analysis.

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Ultrasonic P-wave propagation through water-filled rock joint: An experimental investigation

Cited by 42 publications

References 61 publications

Explosion‐Induced Stress Wave Propagation in Interacting Fault System: Numerical Modeling and Implications for Chaoyang Coal Mine

Explosion‐Induced Stress Wave Propagation in Interacting Fault System: Numerical Modeling and Implications for Chaoyang Coal Mine

Ultrasonic Properties of a Stone Architectural Heritage and Weathering Evaluations Based on Provenance Site

Effects of Gouge Fill on Elastic Wave Propagation in Equivalent Continuum Jointed Rock Mass

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