Ultrasonic investigations of marble columns of historical structures built in two different periods

Babacan, Ali Erden; Gelişli, Kenan

doi:10.1007/s13146-015-0233-x

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The correlation of the P-wave velocity determined by ultrasonic measurements and the weathering state of marble was confirmed by many scientific analyses (Ahmad et al 2009;Babacan and Gelisli 2015;Boudani et al 2015;Dürrast et al 1999;Fleischer 2002;Köhler 1991Köhler , 2014Lindner et al 1999;Menningen et al 2018a, 2018b, 2019, Rüdrich 2003Rüdrich et al 2013;Siegesmund et al 2000a;Siegesmund et al 2004b;Weiss et al 1999;Weiss et al 2002a). Whereas the P-wave velocity of a quarry fresh marble is relatively high [6-7 (km/s)], it decreases with increasing weathering state.…”

Section: Ultrasonic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Marble decay: towards a measure of marble degradation based on ultrasonic wave velocities and thermal expansion data

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Marble as ornamental and dimensional stones as well as in their natural environments show complex weathering phenomena. Physical, chemical, and biological weathering of marble are well documented. The impact of climate change on monuments and historic buildings in terms of modeling and predicting future scenarios requires new approaches to forecast the ongoing decay in the near and far future. Ultrasonic wave velocities are a powerful and sensitive tool for the damage assessment of marble. For a maximum porosity of up to 1%, ultrasonic wave velocities (P-wave velocities) are ranging between 1 km/s and over 6 km/s. Water saturation has an important influence on the magnitude and directional dependence of ultrasonic wave velocities together with the mineralogical composition and the rock fabrics. Ongoing experimental alteration approaches were used to document the state of deterioration using Vp-systematics. In addition, thermal expansion and the residual strain values after applying thermal impacts were used to introduce a new quantitative measure based on experimental length changes and volume changes. To quantify such volume changes, a so-called decay index was proposed. Marbles are sensitive to weathering and have different volume changes under exposure depending on fabric parameters. The volume extension index of marble, based on thermal expansion measurements under dry and water-saturated conditions, is proposed as a decay index for quantifying sample stability and for defining the directions of maximum and minimal dilatation. Such decay index was implemented to different marble types and it was turned out that marbles with the larger decay indexes are more prone to weathering than with smaller ones. The effect of changing climate and, in consequence, different weathering actions can help to calculate or forecast risk numbers based on the Vp data in combination with the proposed decay index especially for marbles.

show abstract

Section: Ultrasonic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Marble decay: towards a measure of marble degradation based on ultrasonic wave velocities and thermal expansion data

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To determine the weathering state of culturally important objects made of marble, various studies have applied ultrasonic measurements (e.g. Köhler 1988;Dürrast et al 1999;Weiss et al 2001;Rüdrich et al 2001a, b;Siegesmund et al 2004;Ahmad et al 2009;Snethlage 2014;Pascale and Lolli 2015;Babacan and Gelisli 2015;Mahmutoğlu 2017). The particular advantage of this method is its non-destructive nature; therefore, it is often used to characterise the in situ state of decay for freestanding sculptures, monuments, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The marble sculptures of General Bülow and Scharnhorst in Berlin: comparative, non-destructive analysis of the weathering state after 12 years of exposure

Menningen

Siegesmund

Krompholz³

et al. 2020

Environ Earth Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After almost 200 years of exposure, the monuments of General Scharnhorst and Bülow have been analysed by means of ultrasound. Both sculptures are made of Carrara marble, both sculptures have been exposed to the same environmental influences and both sculptures are, based on the results of the ultrasonic measurements, in alarming conditions. This statement can be made because of the data of three different measurement investigations within the last 12 years. In this short exposure time, the already low velocities have been reduced by 16.2% and 14.7%. The very low average velocity of 2.8 km/s for the sculpture of General Bülow and a slightly higher average velocity of 3.2 km/s for the Scharnhorst sculpture indicate that both sculptures are in a poor condition, even though a protective winter shelter has been used since 2004. Comparing tomographic velocity measurements performed in 2006 with the measurements made in 2018 was possible and showed that even areas with a thickness up to 90 cm show alarming low ultrasonic velocities down to 2.6 km/s. Even if the circumstances for both sculptures have been the same, they differ in their weathering state. The careful and transparent documentation of all measurements was in this context the most important aspect for the comparative studies. Irregularities in their weathering behaviour of the two statues can be distinguished, allowing an in-depth analysis of the deterioration of the marble.

show abstract

Mechanical and thermal properties of the Czech marbles

Čáchová

Koňáková

Vejmelková

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ultrasonic investigations of marble columns of historical structures built in two different periods

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Marble decay: towards a measure of marble degradation based on ultrasonic wave velocities and thermal expansion data

Marble decay: towards a measure of marble degradation based on ultrasonic wave velocities and thermal expansion data

The marble sculptures of General Bülow and Scharnhorst in Berlin: comparative, non-destructive analysis of the weathering state after 12 years of exposure

Mechanical and thermal properties of the Czech marbles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About