Ultrasonic evaluation of the uterus and uterine cavity after normal, vaginal delivery

Mulic‐Lutvica, Ajlana; Bekuretsion, M.; Bakos, Oddvar; Axelssön, Ove

doi:10.1046/j.0960-7692.2001.00561.x

Cited by 73 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…3,4,[11][12][13] In the first week postpartum, the endometrium may be thick, measuring greater than 10 mm, and in up to 51% of patients, an echogenic endometrial mass may be present. 3,4 Sonographic evidence of gas within the endometrial cavity can also be a normal finding after spontaneous vaginal delivery. 12 Within the second to third week postpartum, the endometrial cavity may increase in thickness and may contain fluid or debris.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Within the second to third week postpartum, the endometrial cavity may increase in thickness and may contain fluid or debris. 4 Over time, the endometrium diminishes in thickness, appearing as a thin white line by 8 weeks postpartum. 4 The presence of fluid, debris or an endometrial mass also becomes less frequent over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Over time, the endometrium diminishes in thickness, appearing as a thin white line by 8 weeks postpartum. 4 The presence of fluid, debris or an endometrial mass also becomes less frequent over time. 3,4 Our study confirms prior studies by showing that the most sensitive sonographic finding for RPOCs is an endometrial mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Several studies have been performed to assess the appearance of the normal uterus during involution after birth and the uterine appearance in cases of postpartum hemorrhage. [3][4][5][6] On the basis of these reports, it appears that in patients with postpartum bleeding, an empty uterus or one containing only fluid has a high negative predictive value for RPOCs. It has been suggested that these patients may be treated conservatively and can avoid unnecessary interventions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Sonographic and Color Doppler Features of Retained Products of Conception

Durfee

Frates

Luong

et al. 2005

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

108

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Objective. The purpose of this study was to identify the sonographic features of retained products of conception (RPOCs). Methods. Cases of clinically suspected RPOCs referred for pelvic sonography between September 1994 and July 2001 were identified. Patient age, indication, gestational age at delivery, and days postpartum were recorded and sonographic findings were reviewed. Outcomes were determined from medical records and pathology reports. Results. One hundred sixty-three cases were identified. Indications for pelvic sonography included vaginal bleeding in 82 (50%), pelvic pain in 77 (47%), and fever in 55 (34%). Gestational age at delivery ranged from 14 to 43 weeks (mean, 37 weeks), and the sonographic examination was performed from 0 to 95 days postpartum (mean, 21 days). Thirty-six patients underwent surgical intervention, and 28 of these had RPOCs. The remaining 127 patients were followed clinically. An endometrial mass was the most sensitive (79%) and specific (89%) sonographic feature for RPOCs. The isolated finding of either complex fluid in the endometrial canal or a thick endometrium measuring greater than 10 mm had low sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values. None of the patients with RPOCs had normal sonographic findings. The absence of an endometrial mass or complex fluid and an endometrial thickness of less than 10 mm were considered normal findings. Color Doppler flow was detected in the endometrium somewhat more often when RPOCs were present than in the absence of RPOCs (75% versus 40%). Conclusions. An endometrial mass is the most sensitive finding for RPOCs. If no mass or endometrial fluid is seen and the endometrial thickness is less than 10 mm, RPOCs are extremely unlikely. The absence of blood flow does not exclude the diagnosis of RPOCs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Sonographic and Color Doppler Features of Retained Products of Conception

Durfee

Frates

Luong

et al. 2005

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

108

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“…8,[11][12][13] A more up to date assessment of the postpartum uterus, not only assessing the anteroposterior (AP) diameter of the uterus but also the endometrial thickness suggests that mode of delivery can affect the rate of uterine involution; for example, the decrease in endometrial thickness over the second to sixth week postpartum following a term vaginal delivery was found to be significantly greater than that following term caesarean section.…”

Section: Ultrasound Appearances Of the Postpartum Uterusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The postpartum ultrasound scan

Ucyigit

Johns

2016

Ultrasound

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Ultrasound assessment of the postpartum uterus has a significant role to play in the evaluation of a large proportion of symptomatic puerperal women. Often the imaging modality of choice for excluding retained placental tissue, correct application of postpartum ultrasound could enable more accurate identification of women requiring surgical intervention, with consequent reduction in patient morbidity and clinical workload. This article aims to review the current understanding and application of ultrasound in the puerperium and evaluate the current evidence investigating the physiological and pathological findings of the postpartum uterus and its contents. KeywordsPostpartum, puerperium, ultrasound appearances, uterus Date received: 28 February 2016; accepted: 11 May 2016 BMUS members can earn 1 CPD point by reading this approved CPD article and successfully completing the online test. Please go to the members' area of the BMUS website (www.bmus.org) and log into the BMUS CPD system.

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