Ultrasonic energy for construction of bioactive heterocycles

In Silico Evaluation of 1‐Aminoisoquinoline Derivatives against Dengue Virus: Greener Access via a Sonochemical Method

“…Moreover, the ultrasound assisted approaches are (i) termed as ecofriendly routes in organic synthesis, [35] (ii) capable of decreasing the waste formation and energy consumption [36] and (iii) often suitable for providing a cost-effective and environmentally friendly access to the important compounds or agents. [37,38] Hence, we devoted our efforts in developing a sonochemical approach for the synthesis of 1-aminoisoquinoline derivatives (3) via the reaction of 1-chloroisoquinoline (1) with appropriate amines (2) using Cs 2 CO 3 as a base in DMSO (Scheme 1). While the use microwave has been explored for the synthesis of compound [39] 3 the sonochemical synthesis of this class of compounds is not known in the literature till date.…”

“…This is because the ultrasound is known to increase the reaction rate thereby reducing the duration of the reaction considerably. Moreover, the ultrasound assisted approaches are (i) termed as eco‐friendly routes in organic synthesis, [35] (ii) capable of decreasing the waste formation and energy consumption [36] and (iii) often suitable for providing a cost‐effective and environmentally friendly access to the important compounds or agents [37,38] . Hence, we devoted our efforts in developing a sonochemical approach for the synthesis of 1‐aminoisoquinoline derivatives ( 3 ) via the reaction of 1‐chloroisoquinoline ( 1 ) with appropriate amines ( 2 ) using Cs 2 CO 3 as a base in DMSO (Scheme 1).…”

Dihydroazolopyrimidines: Past, Present and Perspectives in Synthesis, Green Chemistry and Drug Discovery

“…In addition, the application of non-classical activation methods, microwave and ultrasonic irradiation is also particularly beneficial, allowing improved efficiency of chemical reactions, precise control and flexible variation of reaction conditions, which can give target compounds that are difficult to obtain using other approaches. [5,6] These reasoning mainly concerns the chemistry of heterocyclic compounds as the main source of drug-like molecules: nearly 90 % of innovative active pharmaceutical ingredients that have been launched in period 2015-2020 contain nitrogen-containing heterocycles, and in general more than 80 % of all known drugs are based on heterocyclic compounds. [7] Among them, pyrimidine, pyridine, piperidine, piperazine, pyrazole and indole derivatives are most widely used, as well as a significant part of 1,2,4-triazole and benzimidazole heterocyclic systems.…”

“…These include the application of advanced catalysts, alternative green solvents or solvent‐free syntheses, and the use of simple and readily available reagents. In addition, the application of non‐classical activation methods, microwave and ultrasonic irradiation is also particularly beneficial, allowing improved efficiency of chemical reactions, precise control and flexible variation of reaction conditions, which can give target compounds that are difficult to obtain using other approaches [5,6] …”