Ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensors for dopamine and cholesterol: recent advances, challenges and strategies

Abstract

Ultrasensitive dopamine and cholesterol detection necessitate critical analysis of challenges, advancements and probable strategies for real time applicability in point of care diagnostics. Here we summarized these for target analytes of interest.

Hollow spheres of iron oxide as an “enzyme-mimic”: preparation, characterization and application as biosensors

“…3 In the past decades, various cholesterol sensors have been developed. 1,4,5 However, biosensors and bioassays can be an alternative to classical methods such as photometry, chromatography and spectrometry used for the detection of bio-analytes of clinical importance. Most of these biosensors were developed using bio-receptor elements like enzymes, peptides, protein scaffolds and DNAzymes to detect the target analyte.…”

Electrochemical Dopamine Detection using a Fe/Fe3O4@C Composite derived from a Metal‐Organic Framework

“…Various DA biosensor based on chromatography, electrochemistry and fluorescence techniques have been developed. [6][7][8] Compared with other methods, [9,10] the electrochemical sensor has many advantages, such as high sensitivity, [11] fast detection, [12] low cost and high benefit. [13] Up to now, most reported electrochemical testing methods for DA sensor contain differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and amperometry i-t.…”

Fabrication of NiFeB flexible electrode via electroless deposition towards selective and sensitive detection of dopamine

“…15 Nevertheless, the electrooxidation of DA in the presence of the coexistence of ascorbic acid (AA) whose concentration is 100-1000 times higher than that of DA (0.01-1 mM) results in the regeneration of DA making the system unreliable. 16 Previously, a lot of effort had been made to eliminate the interference of AA viz, using functionalized nanomaterials, carbon-based materials, transition metal oxides/phosphides, 17 polyoxometalate, polymers, etc. 18,19 However, in addition to catalyst development, electrode preparation is equally important for the sensitive detection of DA.…”

“…15 Nevertheless, the electrooxidation of DA in the presence of the coexistence of ascorbic acid (AA) whose concentration is 100–1000 times higher than that of DA (0.01–1 mM) results in the regeneration of DA making the system unreliable. 16…”