Ultrasensitive and Selective Detection of Glutathione by Ammonium Carbamate–Gold Platinum Nanoparticles-Based Electrochemical Sensor

Abstract

Determining the concentration of glutathione is crucial for developing workable medical diagnostic strategies. In this paper, we developed an electrochemical sensor by electrodepositing amino-based reactive groups and gold–platinum nanomaterials on the surface of glassy carbon electrode successively. The sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS). Results showed that Au@Pt nanoparticles with the size of 20–40 nm were presented on the surface of electrode. The sensor exhibits excellent electrocatalytic oxidation towards glutathione. Based on this, we devised an electrochemical biosensor for rapid and sensitive detection of glutathione. After optimizing experimental and operational conditions, a linear response for the concentration of GSH, in the range of 0.1–11 μmol/L, with low detection and quantification limits of 0.051 μM (S/N = 3), were obtained. The sensor also exhibits superior selectivity, reproducibility, low cost, as well as simple preparation and can be applied in human serum sample detection.

Electrochemical investigations and antimicrobial activity of Au nanoparticles photodeposited on titania nanoparticles

“…Because of the effective ability of TiO 2 NPs-N 2 , the potential difference between the oxidation and reduction peaks of the [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3-/4- redox probe. When redox probes were placed on Au NPs/TiO 2 NPs-N 2 , their redox currents were further increased compared to when they were placed on bare Pt polycrystalline electrodes, proving that the Au NPs significantly increased electron transfer capabilities [ 71 ].…”

Electrochemical properties of Au Nanoparticles

“…Due to TiO2 NPs-N2's excellent ability to transfer electrons, the potential difference between the [Fe(CN)6] 3-/4redox probe's oxidation and reduction peaks also decreased. When compared to bare Pt polycrystalline electrodes, the redox currents of the redox probes were further increased on Au NPs/TiO2 NPs-N2, proving that the Au NPs significantly increased the electron transfer capabilities [54]. The Au NPs/TiO2 NTs-N2 samples were evaluated as electrodes using a one electron redox couple to make sure that there was good electrical contact between the gold and the titanium electrode beneath it.…”