Ultrarelativistic Nucleus–Nucleus Collisions and the Quark–Gluon Plasma

Andronic, A.; Braun‐Munzinger, P.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-44504-3_2

Cited by 22 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…In order to compare our results with the HBT data [6], we have also shown in Fig. 1, the fractional volume at chemical freeze-out (corresponding to a slice of one unit of rapidity i.e., dV /dy) [19] and its variation with the center-of-mass energy. This is the volume corresponding to HBT volume.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Since ideal gas description is unsuitable for dealing with HG picture at very large temperature/density, usually excluded volume models have been used in describing a hot and dense HG [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. We derive here a new thermodynamically consistent excluded volume model for the description of hot and dense hadron gas (HG).…”

Section: Excluded Volume Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Freeze-out volume of hot dense fireball

Mishra

Singh

2007

Physics Letters B

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A thermodynamically consistent excluded volume model is proposed to account for the particle multiplicities obtained from lowest SIS energies to the highest RHIC energies. The chemical freeze-out volumes lying in a slice of one unit of rapidity for pions and kaons are separately inferred from this analysis and the results are compared with the corresponding thermal freeze-out volumes obtained from the Hanbury-Brown Twiss (HBT) pion interferometry. Furthermore, we extract the variations of freeze-out number densities for pions and nucleons with the center-of-mass energy in our model and compare them with the HBT data.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Excluded Volume Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freeze-out volume of hot dense fireball

Mishra

Singh

2007

Physics Letters B

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“…We now discuss the chemical potential

of the i -th parton. Generally, the chemical potential

of a particle obviously affects the particle production at low energy [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ]. For baryons (mostly protons and neutrons), the chemical potential

related to collision energy

is empirically given by

where both

and

are in the units of GeV [ 59 , 60 , 61 ].…”

Section: Formalism and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitation Functions of Tsallis-Like Parameters in High-Energy Nucleus–Nucleus Collisions

Liu

Olimov

2021

Entropy

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The transverse momentum spectra of charged pions, kaons, and protons produced at mid-rapidity in central nucleus–nucleus (AA) collisions at high energies are analyzed by considering particles to be created from two participant partons, which are assumed to be contributors from the collision system. Each participant (contributor) parton is assumed to contribute to the transverse momentum by a Tsallis-like function. The contributions of the two participant partons are regarded as the two components of transverse momentum of the identified particle. The experimental data measured in high-energy AA collisions by international collaborations are studied. The excitation functions of kinetic freeze-out temperature and transverse flow velocity are extracted. The two parameters increase quickly from ≈3 to ≈10 GeV (exactly from 2.7 to 7.7 GeV) and then slowly at above 10 GeV with the increase of collision energy. In particular, there is a plateau from near 10 GeV to 200 GeV in the excitation function of kinetic freeze-out temperature.

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“…The observation [42] that Eq. (9) is satisfied in high energy heavy-ion collisions was important phenomenologically to explain the equivalence at 160 and 40A GeV of the enhancement of the low mass dilepton yield observed by the CERES Collaboration in Au-Pb collisions [44] and recently by NA60 in In-In reactions [45].…”

Section: B Fixed Baryon+antibaryon Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of chemical freeze-out criteria in heavy-ion collisions

et al. 2006

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One of the most remarkable results to emerge from heavy-ion collisions over the past two decades is the striking regularity shown by particle yields at all energies. This has led to several very successful proposals describing particle yields over a very wide range of beam energies, reaching from 1A GeV up to 200A GeV, using only one or two parameters. A systematic comparison of these proposals is presented here. The conditions of fixed energy per particle, baryon+anti-baryon density, normalized entropy density as well as percolation model are investigated. The results are compared with the most recent chemical freeze-out parameters obtained in the thermal-statistical analysis of particle yields. The sensitivity and dependence of the results on parameters is analyzed and discussed. It is shown that in the energy range above the top energy of the BNL Alternating Gradient Synchrotron within present accuracies, all chemical freeze-out criteria give a fairly good description of the particle yields. However, the low energy heavy-ion data favor the constant energy per particle as a unified condition of chemical particle freeze-out. This condition also shows the weakest sensitivity on model assumptions and parameters.

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Ultrarelativistic Nucleus–Nucleus Collisions and the Quark–Gluon Plasma

Cited by 22 publications

References 69 publications

Freeze-out volume of hot dense fireball

Freeze-out volume of hot dense fireball

Excitation Functions of Tsallis-Like Parameters in High-Energy Nucleus–Nucleus Collisions

Comparison of chemical freeze-out criteria in heavy-ion collisions

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