Ultranarrow Linewidth Photonic‐Atomic Laser

Zhang, Wei; Stern, Liron; Carlson, David R.; Bopp, Douglas; Newman, Zachary L.; Kang, Shuai; Kitching, John; Papp, Scott B.

doi:10.1002/lpor.201900293

Cited by 50 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The use of SDS for the development of microcell-based frequency-stabilized lasers was investigated initially in [34] with the demonstration of a micro-fabricated saturated absorption laser spectrometer and in further studies [35][36][37]. In [37], the frequency stabilization of a DBR laser onto a Rb microcell, using some light routing through an integrated silicon nitride waveguide and grating system to the cell, was demonstrated at the level of 10 with a microresonator comb for direct-comb spectroscopy [38] or an ultra-compact Fabry-Perot cavity [39]. In [40,41], the detection of high-contrast sign-reversed naturallinewidth sub-Doppler resonances, explained in a detailed quantitative model [42], was reported using a dual-frequency sub-Doppler spectroscopy (DFSDS) technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term stability of Cs microcell-stabilized lasers using dual-frequency sub-Doppler spectroscopy

et al. 2021

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The combination of atomic spectroscopy, integrated photonics and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) paves the road to the demonstration of microcell-based optical atomic clocks. Here, we report the short-term stability budget of table-top Cs microcell-stabilized lasers based on dual-frequency sub-Doppler spectroscopy (DFSDS). The dependence of the sub-Doppler resonance properties on key experimental parameters is studied. The detection noise budget and absolute phase noise measurements are in good agreement with the measured short-term frequency stability of the laser beatnote, at the level of 1.1 × 10 −12 τ −1/2 until 100 s, currently limited by the intermodulation effect from a distributed-feedback laser setup. The fractional frequency stability of the laser beatnote at 1 s is about 100 times better than those of commercial microwave chip-scale atomic clocks and validate the interest of the DFSDS approach for the development of high-performance microcell-based optical standards.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term stability of Cs microcell-stabilized lasers using dual-frequency sub-Doppler spectroscopy

et al. 2021

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“…Ultra-high Q resonators play a critical role across a wide range of applications including ultranarrow linewidth lasers [1][2][3] , optical frequency combs [4][5][6] , optical gyroscopes 7 , optical atomic clocks 8 and quantum communications and computation [9][10][11][12][13] . These resonators, typically used for laser linewidth narrowing and frequency stabilization, have been relegated to benchtop and bulk-optic implementations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Progress has been made with miniaturization of tapered-fiber and freespace coupled ultra-high Q bulk optical resonators [15][16][17][18][19][20] to achieve Qs of 63 Billion 18 . For example, state-of-the-art centimeter-scale microrod cavities with 1 Billion Q are capable of delivering a 25 Hz integral linewidth semiconductor laser with fractional frequency stability of 7×10 -13 at 20 ms in a compact centimeter structure 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

422 Million Q Planar Integrated All-Waveguide Resonator with a 3.4 Billion Absorption Limited Q, Sub-MHz Linewidth and 3005 Finesse

Puckett

Liu

Chauhan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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High Q optical resonators that are a key component for ultra-narrow linewidth lasers, frequency stabilization, precision spectroscopy and quantum applications. Integration of these resonators in a photonic waveguide wafer-scale platform is key to reducing their cost, size and power as well as sensitivity to environmental disturbances. However, to date, the intrinsic Q of integrated all-waveguide resonators has been relegated to below 150 Million for a non-etched waveguide resonator and 230 Million for a waveguide-coupled etched silica microresonator. Here, we report an all-waveguide Si3N4 resonator with an intrinsic Q of 422 Million and a 3.4 Billion absorption loss limited Q. The resonator linewidth measures at 453 kHz intrinsic linewidth, 906 kHz loaded linewidth with finesse of 3005. The corresponding linear loss of 0.060 dB/m is the lowest reported to date for an all-waveguide design with deposited upper cladding oxide. These are the highest intrinsic and absorption loss limited Q factors and lowest linewidth reported to date for a photonic integrated all-waveguide resonator. This level of performance is achieved through a careful reduction of scattering and absorption loss components and redeposition of a thin nitride layer. We quantify, simulate and measure the various loss contributions including scattering and absorption and describe a surface-state dangling bond absorption that we believe is passivated by the redeposited layer. In addition to the ultra-high Q and narrow linewidth, the resonator has a large optical mode area and volume, both critical for ultra-low laser linewidths and ultra-stable, ultra-low frequency noise reference cavities. These results demonstrate the performance of bulk optic and etched resonators can be realized in a photonic integrated solution, paving the way towards photonic integration compatible Billion Q cavities for precision scientific systems and applications such as nonlinear optics, atomic clocks, quantum photonics and high-capacity fiber communications systems on-chip.

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“…ltra-high quality-factor (Q) resonators play a critical role across a wide range of applications including ultranarrow linewidth lasers [1][2][3] , optical frequency combs [4][5][6] , optical gyroscopes 7 , optical atomic clocks 8 and quantum communications and computation [9][10][11][12][13] . Resonators used for laser linewidth narrowing and phase noise reduction have been relegated to benchtop and bulk-optic implementations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Progress has been made to miniaturize these cavities using tapered-fiber and free-space coupled bulk optical resonators [15][16][17][18][19][20] to achieve Qs of 63 Billion 18 . Compact, centimeter-scale, microrod cavities with 1 Billion Q have been used to reduce a semiconductor laser integral linewidth to 25 Hz with a 7 × 10 −13 fractional frequency stability at 20 ms 3 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

422 Million intrinsic quality factor planar integrated all-waveguide resonator with sub-MHz linewidth

et al. 2021

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High quality-factor (Q) optical resonators are a key component for ultra-narrow linewidth lasers, frequency stabilization, precision spectroscopy and quantum applications. Integration in a photonic waveguide platform is key to reducing cost, size, power and sensitivity to environmental disturbances. However, to date, the Q of all-waveguide resonators has been relegated to below 260 Million. Here, we report a Si3N4 resonator with 422 Million intrinsic and 3.4 Billion absorption-limited Qs. The resonator has 453 kHz intrinsic, 906 kHz loaded, and 57 kHz absorption-limited linewidths and the corresponding 0.060 dB m−1 loss is the lowest reported to date for waveguides with deposited oxide upper cladding. These results are achieved through a careful reduction of scattering and absorption losses that we simulate, quantify and correlate to measurements. This advancement in waveguide resonator technology paves the way to all-waveguide Billion Q cavities for applications including nonlinear optics, atomic clocks, quantum photonics and high-capacity fiber communications.

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Ultranarrow Linewidth Photonic‐Atomic Laser

Cited by 50 publications

References 37 publications

Short-term stability of Cs microcell-stabilized lasers using dual-frequency sub-Doppler spectroscopy

Short-term stability of Cs microcell-stabilized lasers using dual-frequency sub-Doppler spectroscopy

422 Million Q Planar Integrated All-Waveguide Resonator with a 3.4 Billion Absorption Limited Q, Sub-MHz Linewidth and 3005 Finesse

422 Million intrinsic quality factor planar integrated all-waveguide resonator with sub-MHz linewidth

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