Ultralow-Power Electronics for Cardiac Monitoring

Abstract

Ultralow-power electronics for cardiac monitoring make possible the development of new light-weight and low-cost devices that are ideal for long-term medical measurements and home-based tele-monitoring services. Nowadays, these devices are seen as a critical technology for reducing health-care costs. In this paper, we present several methods for reducing power consumption while retaining the precision necessary for cardiac monitoring. In particular, we describe a micropower electrocardiograph, an ultralow-power pulse oximeter, an ultralow-power phonocardiograph, an integrated-circuit switched-capacitor model of the heart, and an ultracompact and efficient lithium-ion battery charger. These components are, to our knowledge, currently the most power-efficient or minimal-size designs present in the literature in each respective category.

Increase of Input Resistance of a Normal-Mode Helical Antenna (NMHA) in Human Body Application

“…The remote monitoring module is able to track real time information of the physical condition as well as movements. Sensors are integrated into many types of radio wave devices such as capsules, textile and elastic bands, and are implanted or directly adhered to human skin in combination with external devices for wireless monitoring of heart rate [6][7][8], vital signs [9], blood pressure [10,11], body temperature [12], electrocardiograms [13][14][15][16][17] and so on.…”

Inductive Power Transfer for On-body Sensors. Defining a design space for safe, wirelessly powered on-body health sensors.

“…For designers of on-body sensors this leads to a difficult decision. A wide range of power management techniques can be brought to bear in improving the energy efficiency of onbody sensing, such as low-power electronics [6], efficient programming [7], duty cycling communication [8] and data compression [9]. Ultimately however, a trade-off is required.…”