Ultrahigh Frequency Nanotube Resonators

Peng, Haibing; Chang, Chih-Wei; Aloni, Shaul; Yuzvinsky, T. D.; Zettl, A.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.97.087203

Cited by 314 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

238

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…At the same time, advances in the fabrication, transduction, and detection of MEMS & NEMS resonators has opened up an exciting new experimental window into the study of fundamental questions in nonlinear dynamics. Typical nonlinear MEMS & NEMS resonators are characterized by extremely high frequencies, recently going beyond 1 GHz [15,32,48], and relatively weak dissipation, with quality factors in the range of 10 2 -10 4 . For such devices the regime of physical interest is that of steady state motion, as transients tend to disappear before they are detected.…”

Section: Why Study Nonlinear Nems and Mems?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Dynamics of Nanomechanical Resonators

Lifshitz

Cross

2010

Nonlinear Dynamics of Nanosystems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Why Study Nonlinear Nems and Mems?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Dynamics of Nanomechanical Resonators

Lifshitz

Cross

2010

Nonlinear Dynamics of Nanosystems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Due to their low mass density and high Young's modulus [1][2][3][4] , SWNTs offer great promise as ultrahigh frequency NEM resonators with applications in ultrasmall mass and force sensing [5][6][7][8][9][10]. To detect the mechanical vibration of nanotube resonators, various methods have been explored so far [7,[11][12][13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To detect the mechanical vibration of nanotube resonators, various methods have been explored so far [7,[11][12][13]. In particular, nanotube resonators can be actuated and detected simultaneously through electrostatic gate coupling, offering in situ frequency tuning over wide frequency range [7][8]. The gate induced frequency tuning of NEM resonators is known to be governed by two mechanisms: the elastic hardening effect which increases the resonance frequencies, and the capacitive softening effect which decreases the resonance frequencies [14][15][16][17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacitive Spring Softening in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Nanoelectromechanical Resonators

Zhong

2011

Nano Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report the capacitive spring softening effect observed in single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) nanoelectromechanical (NEM) resonators. The nanotube resonators adopt dual-gate configuration with both bottom-gate and side-gate capable of tuning the resonance frequency through capacitive coupling. Interestingly, downward resonance frequency shifting is observed with increasing side-gate voltage, which can be attributed to the capacitive softening of spring constant. Furthermore, in-plane vibrational modes exhibit much stronger spring softening effect than out-of-plan modes. Our dual-gate design should enable the differentiation between these two types of vibrational modes, and open up new possibility for nonlinear operation of nanotube resonators.

show abstract

“…[12][13][14][15][16] The resonance frequencies of doubly clamped suspended singlewalled nanotubes (SWNT) have been determined using an indirect mixing technique with a lock-in amplifier. [12][13][14] The method requires a semiconducting nanotube and can therefore not be applied to the mechanically more rigid multiwalled nanotubes (MWNT) or nanofibers (CNF) that have been studied as a dc prototype NEMS and allow the fabrication of more varied device geometries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Transmission Detection of Tunable Mechanical Resonance in an Individual Carbon Nanofiber Relay

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) are attracting increasing attention due to their small size, low power consumption, and fast switching speeds. 1 They are regarded as among the most interesting emerging technologies on the ITRS roadmap. 2 Carbon nanotubes are particularly interesting as NEMS components due to their low mobile mass and high Young's modulus, which enables high speed, combined with their high mechanical strength and ability to withstand extreme conditions of temperature and radiation exposure. The predicted possibility of tuning the resonance frequency over a large range by the application of a gate voltage 3 is particularly promising for many applications. Here we present a direct transmission measurement of the resonance frequency of an individual singly clamped carbon nanofiber relay. The experimental results verify the predictions of a small signal model and provide important information for determining the practicality of using carbon-based NEMS as components in real electrical circuits.Some prototype carbon NEMS have been reported in the literature, 4-11 but there have been relatively few experimental studies of the high frequency properties of carbon NEMS based on individual carbon nanotubes. [12][13][14][15][16] The resonance frequencies of doubly clamped suspended singlewalled nanotubes (SWNT) have been determined using an indirect mixing technique with a lock-in amplifier. [12][13][14] The method requires a semiconducting nanotube and can therefore not be applied to the mechanically more rigid multiwalled nanotubes (MWNT) or nanofibers (CNF) that have been studied as a dc prototype NEMS and allow the fabrication of more varied device geometries. [4][5][6][7][8]10,11 The mechanical resonances of singly clamped MWNT have been observed in a field emission microscope, where the broadening of the field emission spot was observed as the nanotube was brought into mechanical resonance by the application of an ac voltage on a side gate. The resonance frequency of the MWNT could be tuned by an order of magnitude by increasing the bias voltage on the nanotube and thus increasing the tension. 15 The same technique has recently been used to demonstrate a so-called nanoradio. 16 Although all of these studies provide interesting information concerning the resonance properties of individual carbon nanotubes, they do not provide muchneeded information on the feasibility of integrating carbonbased NEMS in useful electronic circuits nor on the signal levels that can be expected. In this letter, we report the first direct transmission detection of the resonant behavior of a two-terminal carbon nanofiber relay. We compare the experimental data with the predictions of a small signal model, treating the CNF as a simple series resonator. Good agreement is obtained concerning the resonance amplitude, shape, and phase. We show that it is possible to measure the transmission of a single relay device; however, the signal level is very low and most practical applications will need to be based on arrays of such st...

show abstract

Ultrahigh Frequency Nanotube Resonators

Cited by 314 publications

References 21 publications

Nonlinear Dynamics of Nanomechanical Resonators

Nonlinear Dynamics of Nanomechanical Resonators

Capacitive Spring Softening in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Nanoelectromechanical Resonators

Direct Transmission Detection of Tunable Mechanical Resonance in an Individual Carbon Nanofiber Relay

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About