Ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray nuclei and neutrinos from engine-driven supernovae

Zhang, B. Theodore; Murase, Kohta

doi:10.1103/physrevd.100.103004

Cited by 35 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…The most commonly studied candidate sources of UHE-CRs comprise of persistent phenomena such as relativistic jets from active galactic nuclei (AGN; Norman et al 1995;Dermer et al 2009;Pe'er et al 2009;Takami & Horiuchi 2011;Murase 2017), galaxy clusters (Kang et al 1996;Inoue et al 2007;Murase et al 2008b;Kotera et al 2009;) and new-born pulsars (Blasi et al 2000;Arons 2003;Murase et al 2009;Fang et al 2014), as well as transient phenomena that include classical gamma-ray bursts (GRBs; Waxman 1995;Milgrom & Usov 1995;Murase et al 2008a;Globus et al 2015), low-luminosity GRBs (Murase et al 2006(Murase et al , 2008bZhang et al 2018;Boncioli et al 2019) and engine-driven supernovae (Chakraborty et al 2011;Liu & Wang 2012;Zhang & Murase 2019), and tidal disruption events (TDEs; Farrar & Gruzinov 2009;Alves Batista & Silk 2017;Zhang et al 2017;Biehl et al 2018;Gupin et al 2018). The diversity of these energetic events essentially originates from the characteristics of the central engine after incorporating stringent conditions on the magnetic field, compactness and energy that are required for accelerating the UHECRs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the synthesis of heavy nuclei in protomagnetar outflows and implications for ultra-high energy cosmic rays

Bhattacharya,

Horiuchi,

Murase

2021

Preprint

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It has been suggested that strongly magnetised and rapidly rotating protoneutron stars (PNSs) may produce long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) originating from stellar core collapse. We explore the steady-state properties and heavy element nucleosynthesis in neutrino-driven winds from such PNSs whose magnetic axis is generally misaligned with the axis of rotation. We consider a wide variety of central engine properties such as surface dipole field strength, initial rotation period and magnetic obliquity to show that heavy element nuclei can be synthesised in the radially expanding wind. This process is facilitated provided the outflow is Poynting-flux dominated such that its low entropy and fast expansion timescale enables heavy nuclei to form in a more efficient manner as compared to the equivalent thermal GRB outflows. We also examine the acceleration and survival of these heavy nuclei and show that they can reach sufficiently high energies 10 20 eV within the same physical regions that are also responsible for powering gamma-ray emission, primarily through magnetic dissipation processes. Although these magnetised outflows generally fail to achieve the production of elements heavier than lanthanides for our explored electron fraction range 0.4-0.6, we show that they are more than capable of synthesizing nuclei near and beyond iron peak elements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the synthesis of heavy nuclei in protomagnetar outflows and implications for ultra-high energy cosmic rays

Bhattacharya,

Horiuchi,

Murase

2021

Preprint

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“…LL GRBs have been potential candidate sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) (Murase et al 2008;Zhang et al 2018;Zhang & Murase 2019) and highenergy neutrinos (Murase et al 2006;Gupta & Zhang 2007;Kashiyama et al 2013). The LL GRBs have also been proposed as the sources of the diffuse neutrino flux (Murase & Ioka 2013;Senno et al 2016) measured by IceCube (Aartsen et al 2013a,b).…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

External Inverse-Compton Emission from Low-Luminosity Gamma-Ray Bursts: Application to GRB 190829A

Zhang,

Murase,

Veres

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The detection of TeV gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) brought new opportunities to study the physics of particle acceleration at relativistic shocks. The H.E.S.S. telescopes recently observed very-highenergy (VHE) emission from a nearby low-luminosity GRB, GRB 190829A. Follow-up observations with, e.g., Swift-XRT, revealed unusual flare activities at ∼ 10 3 s, which can be caused by a longlasting central engine. We show that the VHE emission during the H.E.S.S. observation time is naturally produced in the external inverse-Compton (EIC) scenario, where seed photons supplied by the flares or other late-time dissipation are upscattered to VHE energies by the non-thermal electrons accelerated at the external forward shock. Our calculations show that the EIC flare nearly coincides with the late-prompt flare, but extends ∼ 3 − 4 times longer than the duration of the late-prompt flare. The preferred kinetic energy and initial Lorentz factor used in our model are ∼ 10 52 erg and ∼ 20, respectively. Understanding the mechanisms of the VHE emission from low-luminosity GRBs will help us constrain the properties of the outflow and the central engine activities, as well as the particle acceleration mechanism.

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“…objects located in the star-forming region. Amongst the candidates we can mention engine-driven supernovae (Zhang & Murase 2019), a recent tidal disruption event (Guépin et al 2018), magnetars (Singh et al 2004), and gamma-ray bursts (Waxman 2006).…”

Section: Cosmic Raysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic rays from the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253: the effect of a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus

Gutiérrez

Romero

Vieyro

2020

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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NGC 253 is a nearby starburst galaxy in the Sculptor group located at a distance of ∼ 3.5 Mpc that has been suggested by some authors as a potential site for cosmic-ray acceleration up to ultra-high energies. Its nuclear region is heavily obscured by gas and dust, which prevents establishing whether or not the galaxy harbours a supermassive black hole coexisting with the starburst. Some sources have been proposed in the literature as candidates for an active nucleus. In this work, we aim at determining the implications that the presence of a supermassive black hole at the nucleus of NGC 253 might have on cosmic ray acceleration. With this aim, we model the accretion flow on to the putative active nucleus, and we evaluate the feasibility of particle acceleration by the black hole dynamo mechanism. As a by-product, we explore the potential contribution from non-thermal particles in the accretion flow to the highenergy emission of the galaxy. We found that in the three most plausible nucleus candidates, the emission of the accretion flow would inhibit the black hole dynamo mechanism. To rule out completely the influence that a putative nucleus in NGC 253 might have in cosmic-ray acceleration, a better clarification concerning the true nature of the nucleus is needed.

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Ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray nuclei and neutrinos from engine-driven supernovae

Cited by 35 publications

References 144 publications

On the synthesis of heavy nuclei in protomagnetar outflows and implications for ultra-high energy cosmic rays

On the synthesis of heavy nuclei in protomagnetar outflows and implications for ultra-high energy cosmic rays

External Inverse-Compton Emission from Low-Luminosity Gamma-Ray Bursts: Application to GRB 190829A

Cosmic rays from the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253: the effect of a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus

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